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要简单实现一个Linux聊天室程序,你可以使用Python的socket库来创建一个简单的基于TCP的聊天服务器和客户端。以下是一个简单的示例:,,1. 创建一个名为
chat_server.py
的文件,用于编写聊天服务器代码:,,``python,import socket,import threading,,def handle_client(client_socket):, while True:, message = client_socket.recv(1024), print(f"{client_socket.getpeername()}: {message.decode('utf-8')}"), broadcast(message, client_socket),,def broadcast(message, sender_socket):, for client in clients:, if client != sender_socket:, client.send(message),,server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM),server.bind(("0.0.0.0", 12345)),server.listen(5),,print("Server is listening on port 12345..."),,clients = [],,while True:, client_socket, addr = server.accept(), print(f"Accepted connection from {addr}"), clients.append(client_socket), client_thread = threading.Thread(target=handle_client, args=(client_socket,)), client_thread.start(),
`,,2. 创建一个名为
chat_client.py的文件,用于编写聊天客户端代码:,,
`python,import socket,import threading,,def receive_messages(client_socket):, while True:, message = client_socket.recv(1024), print(message.decode('utf-8')),,client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM),client_socket.connect(("127.0.0.1", 12345)),,receive_thread = threading.Thread(target=receive_messages, args=(client_socket,)),receive_thread.start(),,while True:, message = input(), client_socket.send(message.encode('utf-8')),
`,,3. 分别运行
chat_server.py和
chat_client.py文件,即可实现简单的Linux聊天室程序。你可以通过运行多个
chat_client.py`实例来模拟多个用户进行聊天。简单实现Linux聊天室程序
1. 准备工作
1.1 安装必要的软件包
在开始编写聊天室程序之前,确保你的Linux系统已经安装了以下软件包:
gcc (GNU Compiler Collection)
make
可以使用以下命令进行安装:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install build-essential
1.2 创建项目目录结构
创建一个名为chatroom
的目录,并在其中创建两个子目录:client
和server
,这将分别用于存放客户端和服务器的代码。
mkdir chatroom cd chatroom mkdir client server
2. 编写服务器端代码
2.1 创建服务器主文件
在server
目录下创建一个名为server.c
的文件,并添加以下内容:
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #define BUF_SIZE 100 #define MAX_CLNT 256 void error_handling(char *message); void send_msg(char *msg, int client_socket); void remove_clnt(int clnt_sock); int clnt_cnt = 0; int clnt_socks[MAX_CLNT]; char name[MAX_CLNT][BUF_SIZE]; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int serv_sock, clnt_sock; struct sockaddr_in serv_adr, clnt_adr; int str_len; socklen_t clnt_adr_sz; char msg[BUF_SIZE]; int i; if (argc != 2) { printf("Usage: %s <port>\n", argv[0]); exit(1); } serv_sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (serv_sock == -1) { error_handling("socket() error"); } memset(&serv_adr, 0, sizeof(serv_adr)); serv_adr.sin_family = AF_INET; serv_adr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); serv_adr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1])); if (bind(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr)) == -1) { error_handling("bind() error"); } if (listen(serv_sock, 5) == -1) { error_handling("listen() error"); } while (1) { clnt_adr_sz = sizeof(clnt_adr); clnt_sock = accept(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr *)&clnt_adr, &clnt_adr_sz); if (clnt_sock == -1) { continue; } else { printf("Connected client IP: %s \n", inet_ntoa(clnt_adr.sin_addr)); } for (i = 0; i < clnt_cnt; i++) { if (clnt_sock == clnt_socks[i]) { close(clnt_sock); return 0; } } clnt_socks[clnt_cnt++] = clnt_sock; read(clnt_sock, name[clnt_cnt 1], BUF_SIZE); sprintf(msg, "%s has entered the chat room.", name[clnt_cnt 1]); for (i = 0; i < clnt_cnt; i++) { send_msg(msg, clnt_socks[i]); } } close(serv_sock); return 0; } void error_handling(char *message) { fputs(message, stderr); fputc('\n', stderr); exit(1); } void send_msg(char *msg, int client_socket) { write(client_socket, msg, strlen(msg)); }
2.2 编译服务器端代码
在server
目录下,使用以下命令编译服务器端代码:
gcc -o server server.c
3. 编写客户端代码
3.1 创建客户端主文件
在client
目录下创建一个名为client.c
的文件,并添加以下内容:
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <pthread.h> #define BUF_SIZE 100 #define NAME_SIZE 20 void *send_msg(void *arg); void *recv_msg(void *arg); void error_handling(char *message); char name[NAME_SIZE] = "[DEFAULT]"; char msg[BUF_SIZE]; int client_socket; pthread_mutex_t mutx; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int str_len; struct sockaddr_in serv_adr; pthread_t snd_thread, rcv_thread; void *thread_return; if (argc != 4) { printf("Usage: %s <IP> <port> <name>\n", argv[0]); exit(1); } sprintf(name, "%s", argv[3]); client_socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (client_socket == -1) { error_handling("socket() error"); } memset(&serv_adr, 0, sizeof(serv_adr)); serv_adr.sin_family = AF_INET; serv_adr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]); serv_adr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2])); if (connect(client_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr)) == -1) { error_handling("connect() error"); } else { puts("Connected..."); } pthread_mutex_init(&mutx, NULL); pthread_create(&snd_thread, NULL, send_msg, (void *)&client_socket); pthread_create(&rcv_thread, NULL, recv_msg, (void *)&client_socket); pthread_join(snd_thread, &thread_return); pthread_join(rcv_thread, &thread_return); close(client_socket); return 0; } void *send_msg(void *arg) { int client_socket = *((int *)arg); char name_msg[NAME_SIZE + BUF_SIZE]; while (1) { fgets(msg, BUF_SIZE, stdin); if (!strcmp(msg, "q\n") || !strcmp(msg, "Q\n")) { close(client_socket); exit(0); } sprintf(name_msg, "%s: %s", name, msg); pthread_mutex_lock(&mutx); write(client_socket, name_msg, strlen(name_msg)); pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutx); } return NULL; } void *recv_msg(void *arg) { int client_socket = *((int *)arg); char message[BUF_SIZE]; int str_len; while (1) { str_len = read(client_socket, message, BUF_SIZE 1); if (str_len == -1) { return (void *)-1; } message[str_len] = '\0'; fputs(message, stdout); } return NULL; } void error_handling(char *message) { fputs(message, stderr); fputc('\n', stderr); exit(1); }
3.2 编译客户端代码
在client
目录下,使用以下命令编译客户端代码:
gcc -o client client.c -lpthread
4. 运行聊天室程序
小伙伴们,上文介绍了“简单实现linux聊天室程序”的内容,你了解清楚吗?希望对你有所帮助,任何问题可以给我留言,让我们下期再见吧。