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目录
4、出现no appropriate protocal 异常报错
5、出现java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：javax/severlet/报错
一、前言
最快的提升自己的编程水平以及对某个方向的理解和运用，必然是需要动手实践，在不断的Debug中自我折磨，然后放弃！！！（玩笑）
本篇文章只是进行基础的SSM框架（Sping+SpringMVC+Mybatis）的整合的教程，以及其中可能遇到的问题的简单解决办法！因为刚开始起手一个项目，自然需要一个过渡阶段，否则前期将会异常艰难。
废话不多说，开始吧！
全程干货不累赘，开始发车！！
Final Test Result：
二、推荐开发及运行环境
1、系统：Windows10
2、IDE：Interilj ideal 2021.3
3、服务器：Tomacat-8（用高版本对应的Severlet-4.0会启动报错，注意！！）
4、数据库：MySQL5.7
5、浏览器：FireFox
6、JavaKit：JDK18
三、项目基本结构
四、创建一个普通JAVAEE-WEB项目
1、点击File，new，project
2、创建一个JavaEnterpri项目，选择对应JDK，命名为SSM，选择JavaEE8，然后Finish
五、搭建数据库
1、创建SSM数据库和tb_book数据表
create database SSM; create table tb_book( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(20) not null, press varchar(20) not null, author varchar(20) not null); 2、插入数据
insert into tb_book(id,name,press,author) values(1,"Moving Earth","人民出版社","刘慈欣");六、pom.xml引入依赖
代码如下：（复制粘贴即可）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>SSM</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>SSM</name> <packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <junit.version>5.8.1</junit.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--Spring事务管理--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--Spring MVC的相关依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--MyBatis相关依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <!--MyBatis与Spring整合相关依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.1</version> </dependency> <!--数据源--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.20</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>4.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId> <version>3.4.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- 数据库驱动相关依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.13</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SSM</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.3.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> <!-- 如果不添加此节点mybatis的mapper.xml文件都会被漏掉。 --> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build> </project>七、创建实体类
src/main/java下创建com.itheima.domain包，创建Book实体类
1-1Book.java
package com.itheima.domain; public class Book { private Integer id; private String name; private String press; private String author; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id){ this.id=id; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setPress(String press) { this.press = press; } public String getPress() { return press; } } 八、创建三层架构对应模块的类和接口
src/main/java下创建com.itheima.dao包，创建BookMapper接口
1-2 BookMapper.java
package com.itheima.dao; import com.itheima.domain.Book; public interface BookMapper { public Book findBookById(Integer id); }同目录下创建其映射文件
1-3BookMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.BookMapper"> <!--根据id查询图书信息 --> <select id="findBookById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.itheima.domain.Book"> select * from tb_book where id = #{id} </select> </mapper> src/main/java下创建com.itheima.service包，创建BookService接口
1-4 BookService.java
package com.itheima.service; import com.itheima.domain.Book; public interface BookService { Book findBookById(Integer id); } src/main/java下创建com.itheima.service.Impl包,创建实现类BookServiceImpl
1-5 BookServiceImpl.java
package com.itheima.service.impl; import com.itheima.dao.BookMapper; import com.itheima.domain.Book; import com.itheima.service.BookService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService { @Autowired private BookMapper bookMapper; public Book findBookById (Integer id) { return bookMapper.findBookById(id); } } src/main/java下创建com.itheima.controller包,创建BookController处理器类
1-5 BookController.java
package com.itheima.controller; import com.itheima.domain.Book; import com.itheima.service.BookService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; @Controller public class BookController { @Autowired private BookService bookService; @RequestMapping("/book") public ModelAndView findBookById(Integer id) { Book book=bookService.findBookById(id); ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView(); modelAndView.setViewName("book.jsp"); modelAndView.addObject("book",book); return modelAndView; } } 九、Spring和Mybatis的整合
1、spring的配置文件：
src/main/resources目录下创建application-service.xml配置文件
2-1 application-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd "> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.service"/> </beans> 2、Spring和Mybatis的整合配置
src/main/resources目录下创建属性源文件jdbc.properties,用于配置MySQL数据库
2-2 jdbc.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true\ &characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456 src/main/resources目录下创建application-dao.xml配置信息
2-3 application-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd "> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.itheima.dao"/> </bean> </beans> 3、整合测试
src/test/java中创建BookServiceTest类
2-4BookServiceTest.java
import com.itheima.domain.Book; import com.itheima.service.BookService; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:application-service.xml","classpath:application-dao.xml"}) public class BookServiceTest { @Autowired private BookService bookService; @Test public void findBookById() { Book book=bookService.findBookById(2); System.out.println("id:"+book.getId()); System.out.println("name:"+book.getName()); System.out.println("author:"+book.getAuthor()); System.out.println("press:"+book.getPress()); } } 4、测试结果
测试成功：
九、Spring和SpringMVC整合
1、Spring的配置
在项目webapp/WEB-INF的web.xml中输入以下代码
3-1 web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:application-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>2、SpringMVC的配置
src/main/resources目录下创建Spring-mvc.xml配置信息
3-2 spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/> <mvc:annotation-driven/> </beans> 3、SSM框架整合测试
src/main/webapp下创建book.jsp文件
3-4 book.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>图书信息查询</title> </head> <body> <table border="1"> <tr> <th>图书id</th> <th>图书名称</th> <th>出版社</th> <th>作者</th> </tr> <tr> <td>${book.id}</td> <td>${book.name}</td> <td>${book.press}</td> <td>${book.author}</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html> 启动Tomcat8，在浏览器输入
http://localhost:8082/SSM_war_exploded/book?id=1其中8082为端口号，我的填的是8082，默认是8080，根据自己的配置改就行！
结果：
十、注意事项及其BUG反馈
1、控制台中文乱码解决办法：
Settings->Editor->File Encodings->三个部分如图都改为GBK即可
2、Mysql数据库中文乱码解决办法：
修改数据库字符集 :
alter database SSM default convert to character set utf8;3、服务器日志中文乱码解决办法：
找到对应的Tomcat-8存储地址，在conf中找到
logging.properties文件，将全部GBk替换成UTF-8即可
4、出现no appropriate protocal 异常报错
找到对应位置jdk，把java.security中的
dk.tls.disabledAlgorithms=后的SSLv3，TLSv1，TLSv1.1删除，
如图大概在724行，删除后如图：
5、出现java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：javax/severlet/报错
是由于Tomcat高版本不支持4.0版本的Sevrlet导致，更换低版本Tomcat即可
十一、总结
总体来说，当开始着手一个WEB项目时，总会由于各种原因导致各种BUG，需要花费大量的时间去排查和调试，才能一步步把最后的项目运行出来，因此需要考虑的方面有很多，重要的是必须看懂编译器报错的原因，从而分析出可行的解决办法。
只有不断的鞭策自己去实践和学习，积累Debug的能力和经验，才能慢慢获得进步！
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