【JavaSE】图书管理系统

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作者
猴君
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目录


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最终效果

图书管理系统

book包

该包中有两个类,用来对书进行管理。

Book类

从开头视频可以看见,每本书有书名,作者,类型,价格,是否借出。我们将它们定义出来,并有快捷键获得get和set方法。
在生成一个构造方法,含书名,作者,类型,价格。
然后再快捷键重写Object的equals方法,重写toString方法。
注意:
因为直接重写的equals方法是对所有成员变量都进行对比,但是我们不需要对比借出状态(如果对比了那还怎么进行借阅和归还操作)。
还有toString方法我们要将借出的boolean类型转换为是否借出输出,就需要改为3目操作符( (this.isBorrowed)?", 已借出":", 未借出")

最终该类代码就是:

package book;  import java.util.Objects; public class Book {     private String name;     private String author;     private String type;     private int price;     private boolean isBorrowed;      public Book(String name, String author, String type, int price) {         this.name = name;         this.author = author;         this.type = type;         this.price = price;     }      public boolean isBorrowed() {         return isBorrowed;     }      public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {         isBorrowed = borrowed;     }      public String getName() {         return name;     }      public void setName(String name) {         this.name = name;     }      public String getAuthor() {         return author;     }      public void setAuthor(String author) {         this.author = author;     }      public String getType() {         return type;     }      public void setType(String type) {         this.type = type;     }      public int getPrice() {         return price;     }      public void setPrice(int price) {         this.price = price;     }      @Override     public boolean equals(Object o) {         if (this == o) return true;         if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;         Book book = (Book) o;         return price == book.price && Objects.equals(name, book.name) && Objects.equals(author, book.author) && Objects.equals(type, book.type);     }       @Override     public String toString() {         return "Book{" +                 "name='" + name + '\'' +                 ", author='" + author + '\'' +                 ", type='" + type + '\'' +                 ", price=" + price +                 ( (this.isBorrowed)?", 已借出":", 未借出")+                 '}';     } } 

BookList类

在这个类中我们就将书给管理起来(简易顺序表),所以成员就用一个Book数组来存书,在用一个usedSize来表示存入书的数目,提供get和set方法。并在构造方法中初始化几本书。

BookList类最终代码:

package book; public class BookList {     private int usedSize;     Book[] books = new Book[10];      public int getUsedSize() {         return usedSize;     }      public BookList() {         this.books[0] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩","小说",66);         this.books[1] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹","小说",77);         this.books[2] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中","小说",88);         this.books[3] = new Book("坤拳录","cxk","修仙秘籍",25);         this.usedSize = 4;//在创建书架时直接默认存在3本书     }      public Book[] getBooks() {         return books;     }      public void setBooks(Book[] books) {         this.books = books;     }      public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {         this.usedSize = usedSize;     } } 

user包

该包用来管理使用者。含有3个类,抽象类User来作为管理员类和普通用户类的父类抽取共性。

User类

每一个管理员和普通用户都有名字,还有展示效果中选择了自己身份后会跳出菜单来让你选择操作。再用一个方法来表示调用的操作(因为我们将每一个操作封装为一个类来操作),用IOpertion数组来存入子类的操作。

User类最终代码:

package user;  import book.BookList; import operation.IOperation; public abstract class User {     String name;     IOperation[] iOperations;     public abstract int menu();     public abstract void doOpertion(int choice, BookList bookList);     public User(String name) {         this.name = name;     } } 

AdmiUser类(管理员类)

该类继承User类并且将父类的抽象方法重写,在该方法中调用对应类的具体工作方法(自己实现的work方法)。并且在自己的构造方法中将IOpertion接口实现的数组初始化(根据提供的操作对应的数字,数字对应下标初始为对应操作实现的类)。

AdmiUser类最终代码:

package user;  import book.BookList; import operation.*;  import java.util.Scanner;  import java.util.Scanner; public class AdmiUser extends User  {     public AdmiUser(String name) {         super(name);         this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{                 new ExitOpertion(),                 new FindOpertion(),                 new AddOpertion(),                 new DeletOpertion(),                 new ShowOpertion()         };      }     @Override     public void doOpertion(int choice, BookList bookList){         this.iOperations[choice].work(bookList);     }     @Override     public int menu() {         int choice = -1;         while(true) {             System.out.println("欢迎 " + this.name + " 来到图书管理系统");             System.out.println("--------管理员菜单------------");             System.out.println("1.查找图书");             System.out.println("2.新增图书");             System.out.println("3.删除图书");             System.out.println("4.显示图书");             System.out.println("0.退出系统");             System.out.println("-----------------------------");             System.out.println("请输入您的操作");             Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);             choice = scanner.nextInt();             if(choice >=0 && choice <= 4){                 break;             }else {                 System.out.println("输入错误");             }         }         return choice;     } } 

NormalUser类(普通用户类)

在该类中与管理员类实现一致,只是在设计实现自己的操作时改一下就好。

NormalUser类最终代码:

package user;  import book.BookList; import operation.*;  import java.util.Scanner; public class NormalUser extends User{     public NormalUser(String name) {         super(name);         this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{                 new ExitOpertion(),                 new FindOpertion(),                 new BorrowOpertion(),                 new ReturnOpertion(),                 new ShowOpertion()         };     }      @Override     public int menu() {         int choice = -1;         while(true) {             System.out.println("欢迎 " + this.name + " 来到图书管理系统");             System.out.println("--------普通用户菜单------------");             System.out.println("1.查找图书");             System.out.println("2.借阅图书");             System.out.println("3.归还图书");             System.out.println("4.展示图书");             System.out.println("0.退出系统");             System.out.println("-----------------------------");             System.out.println("请输入您的操作");             Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);             choice = scanner.nextInt();             if(choice >=0 && choice <= 4){                 break;             }else {                 System.out.println("输入错误");             }         }         return choice;     }      @Override     public void doOpertion(int choice, BookList bookList) {         this.iOperations[choice].work(bookList);     } }  

opeeration包

在改包中实现具体的操作,对书的增加,删除,借阅,归还,查找,展示,退出程序。这7个类在加上接口。

IOperation接口

这个接口就抽取一个work的共性方法。
最终代码:

package operation;  import book.BookList;  public interface IOperation {     void work(BookList bookList); } 

FindOpertion类(查找操作)

在该类中实现IOpertion接口,实现work方法,
先将要查找的书用临时变量存起来,然后遍历书架已有的书看是否有这本书,有就打印。

FindOpertion类最终代码:

package operation;  import book.Book; import book.BookList;  import java.util.Scanner;  public class FindOpertion implements IOperation{     @Override     public void work(BookList bookList) {         System.out.println("请输入要查找书的书名:");         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);         String name = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要查找书的作者:");         String author = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要查找书的类型:");         String type = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要查找书的价格:");         int price = scanner.nextInt();          Book book = new Book(name,author,type,price);          //看这本书是否已经存在         for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {             if(bookList.getBooks()[i].equals(book)){                 System.out.println(bookList.getBooks()[i].toString());                 return;             }         }          System.out.println("没有该书");     } } 

AddOpertion类(增加操作)

该操作与查找操作实现一致,只是在找到后就告诉已经有这本书了,没找到就添加,并将usedSize加1.

AddOpertion类最终代码

package operation;  import book.Book; import book.BookList;  import java.util.Scanner;  public class AddOpertion implements IOperation{     @Override     public void work(BookList bookList) {         System.out.println("请输入要添加书的书名:");         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);         String name = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要添加书的作者:");         String author = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要添加书的类型:");         String type = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要添加书的价格:");         int price = scanner.nextInt();          Book book = new Book(name,author,type,price);          //看这本书是否已经存在         for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {             if(bookList.getBooks()[i].equals(book)){                 System.out.println("该书已经存在");                 return;             }         }         //存入         bookList.getBooks()[bookList.getUsedSize()] = book;         bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize() + 1);         System.out.println("添加成功");     } } 

DeletOpertion类(删除操作)

该操作与查找操作实现一致,只是在找到后记录这个下标,并且再用一个循环(注意结束条件)用后面的书覆盖前面的,将usedSize减1,没找到就输出没有该书。

DeletOpertion类最终代码

package operation;  import book.Book; import book.BookList;  import java.util.Scanner;  public class DeletOpertion implements IOperation{     @Override     public void work(BookList bookList) {         System.out.println("请输入要删除书的书名:");         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);         String name = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要删除书的作者:");         String author = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要删除书的类型:");         String type = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要删除书的价格:");         int price = scanner.nextInt();          Book book = new Book(name,author,type,price);          //看这本书是否已经存在,记住位置         int now = -1;         for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {             if(bookList.getBooks()[i].equals(book)){                 now = i;                 break;             }         }         //覆盖         if(now != -1){             for (int i = now; i < bookList.getUsedSize() - 1; i++) {                 bookList.getBooks()[i] = bookList.getBooks()[i+1];             }             bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize() - 1);             System.out.println("删除成功");         }else{             System.out.println("没有该书");         }     } }  

BorrowOpertion类(借阅操作)

该操作与查找操作实现一致,只是在找到(这里的找到指有这本书并且状态是未借出)后就将这本书的状态改为已借出(将isBorrowed改为true),有但是已被借出就输出该书已被借出,没找到就输出没有。

BorrowOpertion类最终代码:

package operation;  import book.Book; import book.BookList;  import java.util.Scanner;  public class BorrowOpertion implements IOperation{     @Override     public void work(BookList bookList) {         System.out.println("请输入要借阅书的书名:");         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);         String name = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要借阅书的作者:");         String author = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要借阅书的类型:");         String type = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要借阅书的价格:");         int price = scanner.nextInt();          Book book = new Book(name,author,type,price);          //看这本书是否有并未被借出,有就改状态         for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {             if(bookList.getBooks()[i].equals(book)             && !bookList.getBooks()[i].isBorrowed()){                  bookList.getBooks()[i].setBorrowed(true);                 System.out.println("借阅成功");                 return;              } else if (bookList.getBooks()[i].equals(book)                     && bookList.getBooks()[i].isBorrowed()) {                 System.out.println("该书以被借出");                 return;             }         }         System.out.println("没有该书");     } } 

ReturnOpertion 类(归还操作)

该操作与查找操作实现一致,只是在找到(这里的找到指有这本书并且状态是已借出)后就将这本书的状态改为未借出(将isBorrowed改为false),有但是未被借出就输出该书未被借出,没找到就输出没有。

ReturnOpertion 类最终代码:

package operation;  import book.Book; import book.BookList;  import java.util.Scanner;  public class ReturnOpertion implements IOperation{     @Override     public void work(BookList bookList) {         System.out.println("请输入要归还书的书名:");         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);         String name = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要归还书的作者:");         String author = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要归还书的类型:");         String type = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入要归还书的价格:");         int price = scanner.nextInt();          Book book = new Book(name,author,type,price);         //看这本书是否有并未被借出         for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {             if(bookList.getBooks()[i].equals(book)                     && !bookList.getBooks()[i].isBorrowed()){                  System.out.println("该书并未被借出");                 return;              } else if (bookList.getBooks()[i].equals(book)                     && bookList.getBooks()[i].isBorrowed()) {                 bookList.getBooks()[i].setBorrowed(false);                 System.out.println("归还成功");                 return;             }         }         System.out.println("没有该书");     } }  

ShowOpertion类(展示操作)

该类就只需遍历并输出就行。

package operation;  import book.BookList;  public class ShowOpertion implements IOperation{     @Override     public void work(BookList bookList) {         for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {             System.out.println(bookList.getBooks()[i].toString());         }     } } 

ExitOpertion类(退出操作)

直接调用退出函数就行

package operation;  import book.BookList;  public class ExitOpertion implements IOperation{     @Override     public void work(BookList bookList) {         System.out.println("退出成功");         System.exit(0);     } }  

Main类

在该类中写一个login函数来确定身份向上转型给User.
main主函数将操作串起来:

import book.BookList; import user.AdmiUser; import user.NormalUser; import user.User;  import java.util.Scanner;  public class Main {      //使用这个函数来确定访问者身份     private static User login(){         System.out.println("请输入你的姓名:");         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);         String name = scanner.nextLine();          System.out.println("请输入你的身份:1.管理员;2.普通用户");         int choice = scanner.nextInt();         if(choice == 1){             return new AdmiUser(name);         } else if (choice == 2) {             return new NormalUser(name);         }else {             System.out.println("输入错误");             return null;         }     }     public static void main(String[] args) {         BookList bookList = new BookList();          User user = login();         while( user == null){             user = login();         }//使用循环保证输入身份正确          while (true){         int choice = user.menu();         user.doOpertion(choice,bookList);         }     } } 

最终的关系图

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