Kafka topic消息清理几种方式_业界新闻

发布时间:2024-08-03 07:03

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Kafka清理Topic消息

参考链接：https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1590094

快速配置删除法

kafka启动之前，在server.properties配置delete.topic.enable=true
执行命令bin/kafka-topics.sh --delete --topic test --zookeeper zk:2181或者使用kafka-manage集群管理工具删除。如果kafka启动之前没有配置delete.topic.enable=true，topic只会标记为marked for deletion，并且在Zookeeper中的/admin/delete_topics下创建对应的子节点,加上配置，重启kafka，之前的topic就真正删除了
优点：由Kafka来完成Topic的相关删除，只需要修改server.properties配置文件的delete.topic.enable为true就可以了
缺点：需要重启Kafka来完成配置文件的生效

# 默认是false，注意等号前后一定不能有空格，否则配置会不生效 delete.topic.enable=true  # Bitnami Chart环境变量设置(涉及重启了) KAFKA_CFG_DELETE_TOPIC_ENABLE=true   # 创建新的Topic logstash_test（拥有3个副本） kafka-topics.sh --create --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic logstash_test --partitions 1 --replication-factor 3   # 查看Topic logstash_test的状态，发现Leader是1（broker.id=0）,有三个备份分别是0，1，2 I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ kafka-topics.sh --describe --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic logstash_test Topic: logstash_test    TopicId: 1j9d-WGVTzKTpGdTtO0YFQ PartitionCount: 1       ReplicationFactor: 3    Configs: flush.ms=1000,segment.bytes=1073741824,flush.messages=10000,max.message.bytes=1000012,retention.bytes=1073741824         Topic: logstash_test    Partition: 0    Leader: 0       Replicas: 0,2,1 Isr: 0,2,1 	 # 查看Zookeeper上的Topic $ zkCli.sh -server localhost:2181 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /brokers/topics [__consumer_offsets, frontend_invoke_queue, frontend_invoke_result_log, lake_add_namelist, lake_entrylog, logstash_test] [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /config/topics [__consumer_offsets, frontend_invoke_queue, frontend_invoke_result_log, lake_add_namelist, lake_entrylog, logstash_test]  # 查看Kafka的server.properties配置文件中log.dirs 的目录 I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ ls /bitnami/kafka/data/logstash_test-0/ 00000000000000000000.index  00000000000000000000.log  00000000000000000000.timeindex  leader-epoch-checkpoint  partition.metadata  # 删除Topic logstash_test I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ kafka-topics.sh --delete --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic logstash_test  # 再次查看Topic logstash_test的状态，说明Topic已经被删除了 I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ kafka-topics.sh --describe --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic logstash_test Error while executing topic command : Topic 'logstash_test' does not exist as expected [2024-06-26 03:13:45,323] ERROR java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Topic 'logstash_test' does not exist as expected         at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.kafka$admin$TopicCommand$$ensureTopicExists(TopicCommand.scala:399)         at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$TopicService.describeTopic(TopicCommand.scala:311)         at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.main(TopicCommand.scala:62)         at kafka.admin.TopicCommand.main(TopicCommand.scala)  (kafka.admin.TopicCommand$)  # 再次查看Zookeeper上的Topic，logstash_test也已经被删除了 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /brokers/topics [__consumer_offsets, frontend_invoke_queue, frontend_invoke_result_log, lake_add_namelist, lake_entrylog] [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] ls /config/topics [__consumer_offsets, frontend_invoke_queue, frontend_invoke_result_log, lake_add_namelist, lake_entrylog]  # 再次查看/log.dirs 目录，logstash_test相关日志也被删除了 I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ ls /bitnami/kafka/data/logstash_test* ls: cannot access '/bitnami/kafka/data/logstash_test*': No such file or directory

手动删除数据

优点：不需要重启Kafka服务，直接删除Topic对应的系统日志，然后在Zookeeper中删除对应的目录
缺点：需要人为手动删除，删除之后重新创建同名的Topic会有问题（使用方式一不会有此问题）
不对推荐使用这个方法：简单粗暴，如果这个消息有程序还在消费者，此时KAFKA就game over

# 创建新的Topic logstash_test（拥有3个副本） I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ kafka-topics.sh --create --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --replication-factor 3 --partitions 1 --topic logstash_test WARNING: Due to limitations in metric names, topics with a period ('.') or underscore ('_') could collide. To avoid issues it is best to use either, but not both. Created topic logstash_test.  # 查看Topic logstash_test的状态，发现Leader是1（broker.id=1）,有三个备份分别是0，1，2 I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ kafka-topics.sh --describe --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic logstash_test Topic: logstash_test    TopicId: S7bPYklqRXy6GB8Qwq67_A PartitionCount: 1       ReplicationFactor: 3    Configs: flush.ms=1000,segment.bytes=1073741824,flush.messages=10000,max.message.bytes=1000012,retention.bytes=1073741824         Topic: logstash_test    Partition: 0    Leader: 1       Replicas: 1,0,2 Isr: 1,0,2 	 # 查看Zookeeper上的Topic [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /brokers/topics [__consumer_offsets, frontend_invoke_queue, frontend_invoke_result_log, lake_add_namelist, lake_entrylog, logstash_test] [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /config/topics [__consumer_offsets, frontend_invoke_queue, frontend_invoke_result_log, lake_add_namelist, lake_entrylog, logstash_test]  # 查看Kafka的server.properties配置文件中log.dirs的目录 I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ ls /bitnami/kafka/data/logstash_test-0/ 00000000000000000000.index  00000000000000000000.log  00000000000000000000.timeindex  leader-epoch-checkpoint  partition.metadata  # 删除Zookeeper上的Topic [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] deleteall /brokers/topics/logstash_test [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] deleteall /config/topics/logstash_test  # 删除Topic logstash_test的log文件（这里Kafka集群的所有节点都要删除） rm -rf /bitnami/kafka/data/logstash_test*  # 查询还有哪些topic I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ kafka-topics.sh --list --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 __consumer_offsets frontend_invoke_queue frontend_invoke_result_log lake_add_namelist lake_entrylog logstash_test  # 再次查看Topic logstash_test的状态，可以发现topic还是存在的，这个时候需要手动删除一下topic(数据已清理) I have no name!@ape-kafka-1:/$ kafka-topics.sh --describe --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic logstash_test Topic: logstash_test    TopicId: S7bPYklqRXy6GB8Qwq67_A PartitionCount: 1       ReplicationFactor: 3    Configs: flush.ms=1000,segment.bytes=1073741824,flush.messages=10000,max.message.bytes=1000012,retention.bytes=1073741824         Topic: logstash_test    Partition: 0    Leader: 1       Replicas: 1,0,2 Isr: 1,0,2  # 删除之后创建同名的Topic会有问题 I have no name!@ape-kafka-1:/$ kafka-topics.sh --create --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --replication-factor 3 --partitions 1 --topic logstash_test WARNING: Due to limitations in metric names, topics with a period ('.') or underscore ('_') could collide. To avoid issues it is best to use either, but not both. Error while executing topic command : Topic 'logstash_test' already exists. [2024-06-26 03:38:34,038] ERROR org.apache.kafka.common.errors.TopicExistsException: Topic 'logstash_test' already exists.  (kafka.admin.TopicCommand$)   # 删除topic,删除失败(重启kafka后恢复) I have no name!@ape-kafka-1:/$ kafka-topics.sh --delete --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic logstash_test Error while executing topic command : This server does not host this topic-partition. [2024-06-26 03:40:30,871] ERROR org.apache.kafka.common.errors.UnknownTopicOrPartitionException: This server does not host this topic-partition.  (kafka.admin.TopicCommand$)

设置删除策略

简单粗暴，如果这个消息有程序还在消费者，此时KAFKA就game over
相关参数如下，kafka启动之前，在server.properties配置

#日志清理策略选择有：delete和compact主要针对过期数据的处理，或是日志文件达到限制的额度，会被 topic创建时的指定参数覆盖 log.cleanup.policy = delete   # 注意:下面有两种配置，一种是基于时间的策略，另种是基于日志文件大小的策略，两种策略同是配置的话，只要满足其中种策略，则触发Log删除的操作。删除操作总是先删除最旧的日志 # 消息在Kafka中保存的时间，168小时之前的1og， 可以被删除掉，根据policy处理数据。 log.retention.hours=4   # 当剩余空间低于log.retention.bytes字节，则开始删除1og log.retention.bytes=37580963840   # 每隔300000ms, logcleaner线程将检查一次，看是否符合上述保留策略的消息可以被删除 log.retention.check.interval.ms=1000

offset删除数据

# 生成数据 # 1. 创建一个新的topic test, 3个分区，1个副本 I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ kafka-topics.sh --create --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic test --partitions 3 --replication-factor 1 Created topic test.  # 2. 生成随机消息100条 	kafka-verifiable-producer.sh --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic test --max-messages 100 	 # 3. 查看topic消息有多少 I have no name!@ape-kafka-0:/$ kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.GetOffsetShell --broker-list ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic test --time -1 test:0:0 test:1:100 test:2:0  # 4. 将配置文件编辑如下，将会将partition 重0删除到49，50并不会删除 cat <<EOF> offset.json {"partitions":[{"topic":"test", "partition":1, "offset": 50}], "version":1} EOF  # 5. 执行删除 	kafka-delete-records.sh --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --offset-json-file offset.json   # 6. 取出消息，看是否符合预期，实际测试0-49被删除了 	kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server ape-kafka-0.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-1.ape-kafka-headless:9092,ape-kafka-2.ape-kafka-headless:9092 --topic test --from-beginning