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一 junit单元测试
1.1 单元测试作用
单元测试要满足AIR原则，即
A： automatic 自动化；
I: Independent 独立性；
R：Repeatable 可重复；
2.单元测试必须使用assert来验证
1.2 案例1 常规单元测试
1.代码
public class CalcDemo { public int add(int x ,int y) { return x + y; //return x * y; } public int sub(int x ,int y) { return x - y; } }2.测试
public class AppTest { @Test void sub() { CalcDemo calcDemo = new CalcDemo(); int retValue = calcDemo.sub(2, 2); assertEquals(0,retValue); System.out.println(""); } }1.3 案例2 单元覆盖率Coverage*
1.代码
public class ScoreDemo { public String scoreLevel(int score) { if(score <= 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("缺考"); } else if (score < 60) { return "弱"; } else if (score < 70) { return "差"; } else if (score <= 80) { return "中"; } else if (score < 90) { return "良"; } else { return "优"; } } }2.测试
class ScoreDemoTest { @Test void scoreLevel() { ScoreDemo scoreDemo = new ScoreDemo(); assertEquals("弱",scoreDemo.scoreLevel(52)); } @Test void scoreLevelv2() { ScoreDemo scoreDemo = new ScoreDemo(); assertEquals("差",scoreDemo.scoreLevel(62)); } @Test void scoreLevelv3() { ScoreDemo scoreDemo = new ScoreDemo(); assertEquals("中",scoreDemo.scoreLevel(80)); } @Test void scoreLevelv4() { ScoreDemo scoreDemo = new ScoreDemo(); assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,() -> scoreDemo.scoreLevel(-7)); } }
查看测试报告：对应覆盖率
1.4 案例3 BeforeEach，BeforeAfterall
1.代码
public class CalcDemo { public int add(int x ,int y) { return x + y; //return x * y; } public int sub(int x ,int y) { return x - y; } } 2.测试
class CalcDemoTestV2 { CalcDemo calcDemo = null; static StringBuffer stringBuffer = null; @BeforeAll static void m1() { stringBuffer = new StringBuffer("abc"); System.out.println("===============: "+stringBuffer.length()); } @AfterAll static void m2() { System.out.println("===============: "+stringBuffer.append(" ,end").toString()); } @BeforeEach void setUp() { System.out.println("----come in BeforeEach"); calcDemo = new CalcDemo(); } @AfterEach void tearDown() { System.out.println("----come in AfterEach"); calcDemo = null; } @Test void add() { assertEquals(5,calcDemo.add(1,4)); assertEquals(5,calcDemo.add(2,3)); } @Test void sub() { assertEquals(5,calcDemo.sub(10,5)); } }3.结果
1.5 案例4 junit+反射+注解实现测试
1.定义注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target(ElementType.METHOD) public @interface AtguiguTest { }2.定义调用类
public class CalcHelpDemo { public int mul(int x ,int y) { return x * y; } @AtguiguTest public int div(int x ,int y) { return x / y; } @AtguiguTest public void thank(int x ,int y) { System.out.println("3ks，help me test bug"); } } 3.定义测试类
@Slf4j public class AutoTestClient { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException { //家庭作业，抽取一个方法，（class，p....） CalcHelpDemo calcHelpDemo = new CalcHelpDemo(); int para1 = 10; int para2 = 0; Method[] methods = calcHelpDemo.getClass().getMethods(); AtomicInteger bugCount = new AtomicInteger(); // 要写入的文件路径（如果文件不存在，会创建该文件） String filePath = "BugReport"+ (DateUtil.format(new Date(), "yyyyMMddHHmmss"))+".txt"; for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) { if (methods[i].isAnnotationPresent(AtguiguTest.class)) { try { methods[i].invoke(calcHelpDemo,para1,para2);//放行 } catch (Exception e) { bugCount.getAndIncrement(); log.info("异常名称:{},异常原因:{}",e.getCause().getClass().getSimpleName(),e.getCause().getMessage()); FileUtil.writeString(methods[i].getName()+"\t"+"出现了异常"+"\n", filePath, "UTF-8"); FileUtil.appendString("异常名称:"+e.getCause().getClass().getSimpleName()+"\n", filePath, "UTF-8"); FileUtil.appendString("异常原因:"+e.getCause().getMessage()+"\n", filePath, "UTF-8"); }finally { FileUtil.appendString("异常数:"+bugCount.get()+"\n", filePath, "UTF-8"); } } } } }4.查看结果
1.6 案例5 web工程单元测试
1.pom配置
<!--test--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--test--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>2.处理类
@Service public class MemberService { public String add(Integer uid) { System.out.println("---come in addUser,your uid is: "+uid); if (uid == -1) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("parameter is negative。。。。"); } return "ok"; } public int del(Integer uid) { System.out.println("---come in del,your uid is: "+uid); return uid; } } 3.启动类
@SpringBootApplication public class App { public static void main( String[] args ) { SpringApplication.run(App.class, args); System.out.println( "Hello World!" ); } }4.测试类
@SpringBootTest public class MemberTest { @Resource //真实调用，落盘mysql-MQ=redis。。。。测试条件充分的情况下 private MemberService memberService1; // @Test // void m1() // { // String result = memberService1.add(2); // assertEquals("ok",result); // // System.out.println("----m1 over"); // } @MockBean private MemberService memberService2; // @Test // void m2_NotMockRule() // { // String result = memberService2.add(2); // assertEquals("ok",result); // // System.out.println("----m2_NotMockRule over"); // } // @Test // void m2_WithMockRule() // { // when(memberService2.add(3)).thenReturn("ok");//不真的进入数据库/MQ，不落盘，改变return // // String result = memberService2.add(3); // assertEquals("ok",result); // // System.out.println("----m2_WithMockRule over"); // } @SpyBean //有规则按照规则走，没有规则走真实 private MemberService memberService3; @Test void m3() { when(memberService3.add(2)).thenReturn("ok"); String result = memberService3.add(2); System.out.println("----add result: "+result); Assertions.assertEquals("ok",result); int result2 = memberService3.del(3); System.out.println("----del result2: "+result2); Assertions.assertEquals(3,result2); //跨部门调用，不是写代码，累的是心，协调工作。 zzyybs@126.com System.out.println("----over"); } } 4.结果
