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一 Python发送邮件
1.1 使用SMTP模块发送邮件
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.header import Header msg_from = '306334678@qq.com' # 发送方邮箱 passwd = 'luzdikipwhjjbibf' # 填入发送方邮箱的授权码(填入自己的授权码,相当于邮箱密码) msg_to = ['616564099@qq.com'] # 收件人邮箱 # msg_to = '616564099@qq.com' # 收件人邮箱 subject = "邮件标题" # 主题 # *************发送html的邮件********** content = ''' <p>Python 邮件发送测试...</p> <p><a href="http://www.baidu.com">这是一个链接</a></p> ''' # 生成一个MIMEText对象 msg = MIMEText(content) # 放入邮件主题 msg['Subject'] = subject # 也可以这样传参 # msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8') # 放入发件人 msg['From'] = msg_from # 放入收件人 # msg['To'] = '616564099@qq.com' # msg['To'] = '发给你的邮件啊' try: # 通过ssl方式发送 s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465) # 登录到邮箱 s.login(msg_from, passwd) # 发送邮件:发送方,收件方,要发送的消息 s.sendmail(msg_from, msg_to, msg.as_string()) print('成功') except s.SMTPException as e: print(e) finally: s.quit()
1.2 发送html格式邮件
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.header import Header msg_from = '306334678@qq.com' # 发送方邮箱 passwd = 'ldoetnwqdjqqbjjj' # 填入发送方邮箱的授权码(填入自己的授权码,相当于邮箱密码) msg_to = ['616564099@qq.com'] # 收件人邮箱 # msg_to = '616564099@qq.com' # 收件人邮箱 subject = "邮件标题" # 主题 # *************发送html的邮件********** content = ''' <p>Python 邮件发送测试...</p> <p><a href="http://www.baidu.com">这是一个链接</a></p> ''' # 生成一个MIMEText对象 msg = MIMEText(content) # 放入邮件主题 msg['Subject'] = subject # 也可以这样传参 # msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8') # 放入发件人 msg['From'] = msg_from # 放入收件人 # msg['To'] = '616564099@qq.com' # msg['To'] = '发给你的邮件啊' try: # 通过ssl方式发送 s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465) # 登录到邮箱 s.login(msg_from, passwd) # 发送邮件:发送方,收件方,要发送的消息 s.sendmail(msg_from, msg_to, msg.as_string()) print('成功') except s.SMTPException as e: print(e) finally: s.quit()
1.3 发送带附件格式
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.header import Header from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.base import MIMEBase from email.mime.image import MIMEImage from email import encoders msg_from = '306334678@qq.com' # 发送方邮箱 passwd = '***' # 填入发送方邮箱的授权码(填入自己的授权码,相当于邮箱密码) msg_to = ['616564099@qq.com'] # 收件人邮箱 subject = "邮件标题" # 主题 # 创建一个带附件的实例 msg = MIMEMultipart() # 放入邮件主题 msg['Subject'] = subject # 也可以这样传参 # msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8') # 放入发件人 msg['From'] = msg_from # 邮件正文内容 msg.attach(MIMEText('Python 邮件发送测试……', 'plain', 'utf-8')) # 构造附件1,传送当前目录下的 test.txt 文件 att1 = MIMEText(open('test.txt', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8') att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream' # 这里的filename可以任意写,写什么名字,邮件中显示什么名字 att1["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="test.txt"' msg.attach(att1) # 构造附件2, with open('test.png', 'rb') as f: # 设置附件的MIME和文件名,这里是png类型: mime = MIMEBase('image', 'png', filename='test.png') # 加上必要的头信息: mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png') mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>') mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0') # 把附件的内容读进来: mime.set_payload(f.read()) # 用Base64编码: encoders.encode_base64(mime) # 添加到MIMEMultipart: msg.attach(mime) # 构造附件3,图片格式 fp = open('test.png', 'rb') msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read()) fp.close() # 定义图片 ID,在 HTML 文本中引用 msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>') msg.attach(msgImage) try: # 通过ssl方式发送 s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465) # 登录到邮箱 s.login(msg_from, passwd) # 发送邮件:发送方,收件方,要发送的消息 s.sendmail(msg_from, msg_to, msg.as_string()) print('成功') except s.SMTPException as e: print(e) finally: s.quit()
1.4 Django发送邮件
在setting中配置
# EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend' EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com' # 如果是 163 改成 smtp.163.com EMAIL_PORT = 465 EMAIL_HOST_USER = '306334678@qq.com' # 帐号 EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '***' # 密码 DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = EMAIL_HOST_USER #这样收到的邮件,收件人处就会这样显示 #DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = 'lqz<'306334678@qq.com>' EMAIL_USE_SSL = True #使用ssl #EMAIL_USE_TLS = False # 使用tls #EMAIL_USE_SSL 和 EMAIL_USE_TLS 是互斥的,即只能有一个为 True
view视图函数
from django.core.mail import send_mail import threading from mybbs import settings t = threading.Thread(target=send_mail, args=("您的文章%s新增了一条评论内容" , 'ddd', settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER, ["616564099@qq.com"]) ) t.start()
一次性发多封邮件
from django.core.mail import send_mass_mail message1 = ('第一封邮件标题', '这是邮件内容', 'from@example.com', ['first@example.com', 'other@example.com']) message2 = ('第二封邮件标题', '这是邮件内容', 'from@example.com', ['second@test.com']) ''' fail_silently: (可选)布尔值。为 False 时, send_mail 会抛出 smtplib.SMTPException 异常。smtplib 文档列出了所有可能的异常。 这些异常都是 SMTPException 的子类 ''' send_mass_mail((message1, message2), fail_silently=False) ''' send_mail 每次发邮件都会建立一个连接,发多封邮件时建立多个连接。而 send_mass_mail 是建立单个连接发送多封邮件,所以一次性发送多封邮件时 send_mass_mail 要优于 send_mail。 '''
携带附件或发送html(需要接收方支持)
from django.core.mail import EmailMultiAlternatives # subject 主题 content 内容 to_addr 是一个列表,发送给哪些人 msg = EmailMultiAlternatives('邮件标题', '邮件内容', '发送方', ['接收方']) msg.content_subtype = "html" # 添加附件(可选) msg.attach_file('test.txt') # 发送 msg.send()
备注:send_mail 每次发邮件都会建立一个连接,发多封邮件时建立多个连接。而 send_mass_mail 是建立单个连接发送多封邮件,所以一次性发送多封邮件时 send_mass_mail 要优于 send_mail
各大邮箱smtp服务器及端口
新浪邮箱smtp服务器 外发服务器:smtp.vip.sina.com 收件服务器:pop3.vip.sina.com 新浪免费邮件 外发服务器:smtp.sina.com.cn 收件服务器:pop3.sina.com.cn 163邮箱smtp服务器 pop: pop.163.com smtp: smtp.163.com QQ邮箱smtp服务器及端口 接收邮件服务器:imap.exmail.qq.com,使用SSL,端口号993 发送邮件服务器:smtp.exmail.qq.com,使用SSL,端口号465或587 yahoo邮箱smtp服务器 接:pop.mail.yahoo.com.cn 发:smtp.mail.yahoo.com 126邮箱smtp服务器 pop: pop.126.com smtp: smtp.126.com 新浪免费邮箱 POP3:pop.sina.com SMTP:smtp.sina.com SMTP端口号:25 新浪VIP邮箱 POP3:pop3.vip.sina.com SMTP:smtp.vip.sina.com SMTP端口号:25 新浪企业邮箱 POP3:pop.sina.com SMTP:smtp.sina.com SMTP端口号:25 雅虎邮箱 POP3:pop.mail.yahoo.cn SMTP:smtp.mail.yahoo.cn SMTP端口号:25 搜狐邮箱 POP3:pop3.sohu.com SMTP:smtp.sohu.com SMTP端口号:25 TOM邮箱 POP3:pop.tom.com SMTP:smtp.tom.com SMTP端口号:25 Gmail邮箱 POP3:pop.gmail.com SMTP:smtp.gmail.com SMTP端口号:587 或 25 QQ邮箱 POP3:pop.exmail.qq.com SMTP:smtp.exmail.qq.com SMTP端口号:25 263邮箱 域名:263.net POP3:263.net SMTP:smtp.263.net SMTP端口号:25 域名:x263.net POP3:pop.x263.net SMTP:smtp.x263.net SMTP端口号:25 域名:263.net.cn POP3:263.net.cn SMTP:263.net.cn SMTP端口号:25 域名:炫我型 POP3:pop.263xmail.com SMTP:smtp.263xmail.com SMTP端口号:25 21CN 免费邮箱 POP3:pop.21cn.com SMTP:smtp.21cn.com IMAP:imap.21cn.com SMTP端口号:25 21CN 经济邮邮箱 POP3:pop.21cn.com SMTP:smtp.21cn.com SMTP端口号:25 21CN 商务邮邮箱 POP3:pop.21cn.net SMTP:smtp.21cn.net SMTP端口号:25 21CN 快感邮箱 POP3:vip.21cn.com SMTP:vip.21cn.com SMTP端口号:25 21CN Y邮箱 POP3:pop.y.vip.21cn.com SMTP:smtp.y.vip.21cn.com SMTP端口号:25 中华网任我邮邮箱 POP3:rwpop.china.com SMTP:rwsmtp.china.com SMTP端口号:25 中华网时尚、商务邮箱 POP3:pop.china.com SMTP:smtp.china.com SMTP端口号:25
1.5 qq邮箱配置smtp
登录qq邮箱:
[]
开启smtp服务,生成授权码
二 Python发送短信
# 发送短信需要借助于第三方短信平台,比较知名的有 -腾讯云短信:https://cloud.tencent.com/act/pro/csms -阿里短信:https://cn.aliyun.com/product/sms?from_alibabacloud= -容联云短信:https://www.yuntongxun.com/sms/note-inform
2.1 腾讯云发送短信-准备
# 访问地址,完成以下操作:https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2 1)申请短信签名 - 国内短信 > 签名管理【需要有公众号/备案网站/小程序等】 2)申请短信模块 - 国内短信 > 正文模板管理【发送短信的格式】 3)使用Python-sdk发送短信 -https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/43196
2.2 测试发送短信
# 1 安装模块 pip install --upgrade tencentcloud-sdk-python # 2 复制官方代码测试
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from tencentcloud.common import credential from tencentcloud.common.exception.tencent_cloud_sdk_exception import TencentCloudSDKException # 导入对应产品模块的client models。 from tencentcloud.sms.v20210111 import sms_client, models # 导入可选配置类 from tencentcloud.common.profile.client_profile import ClientProfile from tencentcloud.common.profile.http_profile import HttpProfile try: # 必要步骤: # 实例化一个认证对象,入参需要传入腾讯云账户密钥对secretId,secretKey。 # 这里采用的是从环境变量读取的方式,需要在环境变量中先设置这两个值。 # 您也可以直接在代码中写死密钥对,但是小心不要将代码复制、上传或者分享给他人, # 以免泄露密钥对危及您的财产安全。 # SecretId、SecretKey 查询: https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi cred = credential.Credential("AKIDqLdhZJvQk9QaXLvHOMRKzQuMhqrlibOy", "YuIYggjdaKuc7Seo16zkKnL3kNpAPTQK") # cred = credential.Credential( # os.environ.get(""), # os.environ.get("") # ) # 实例化一个http选项,可选的,没有特殊需求可以跳过。 httpProfile = HttpProfile() # 如果需要指定proxy访问接口,可以按照如下方式初始化hp(无需要直接忽略) # httpProfile = HttpProfile(proxy="http://用户名:密码@代理IP:代理端口") httpProfile.reqMethod = "POST" # post请求(默认为post请求) httpProfile.reqTimeout = 30 # 请求超时时间,单位为秒(默认60秒) httpProfile.endpoint = "sms.tencentcloudapi.com" # 指定接入地域域名(默认就近接入) # 非必要步骤: # 实例化一个客户端配置对象,可以指定超时时间等配置 clientProfile = ClientProfile() clientProfile.signMethod = "TC3-HMAC-SHA256" # 指定签名算法 clientProfile.language = "en-US" clientProfile.httpProfile = httpProfile # 实例化要请求产品(以sms为例)的client对象 # 第二个参数是地域信息,可以直接填写字符串ap-guangzhou,支持的地域列表参考 https://cloud.tencent.com/document/api/382/52071#.E5.9C.B0.E5.9F.9F.E5.88.97.E8.A1.A8 client = sms_client.SmsClient(cred, "ap-guangzhou", clientProfile) # 实例化一个请求对象,根据调用的接口和实际情况,可以进一步设置请求参数 # 您可以直接查询SDK源码确定SendSmsRequest有哪些属性可以设置 # 属性可能是基本类型,也可能引用了另一个数据结构 # 推荐使用IDE进行开发,可以方便的跳转查阅各个接口和数据结构的文档说明 req = models.SendSmsRequest() # 基本类型的设置: # SDK采用的是指针风格指定参数,即使对于基本类型您也需要用指针来对参数赋值。 # SDK提供对基本类型的指针引用封装函数 # 帮助链接: # 短信控制台: https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2 # 腾讯云短信小助手: https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/3773#.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF.E4.BA.A4.E6.B5.81 # 短信应用ID: 短信SdkAppId在 [短信控制台] 添加应用后生成的实际SdkAppId,示例如1400006666 # 应用 ID 可前往 [短信控制台](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/app-manage) 查看 req.SmsSdkAppId = "1400635776" # 短信签名内容: 使用 UTF-8 编码,必须填写已审核通过的签名 # 签名信息可前往 [国内短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/csms-sign) 或 [国际/港澳台短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/isms-sign) 的签名管理查看 req.SignName = "小猿取经公众号" # 模板 ID: 必须填写已审核通过的模板 ID # 模板 ID 可前往 [国内短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/csms-template) 或 [国际/港澳台短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/isms-template) 的正文模板管理查看 req.TemplateId = "1049981" # 模板参数: 模板参数的个数需要与 TemplateId 对应模板的变量个数保持一致,,若无模板参数,则设置为空 req.TemplateParamSet = ["8888",'5'] # 下发手机号码,采用 E.164 标准,+[国家或地区码][手机号] # 示例如:+8613711112222, 其中前面有一个+号 ,86为国家码,13711112222为手机号,最多不要超过200个手机号 req.PhoneNumberSet = ["+8618953675221"] # 用户的 session 内容(无需要可忽略): 可以携带用户侧 ID 等上下文信息,server 会原样返回 req.SessionContext = "" # 短信码号扩展号(无需要可忽略): 默认未开通,如需开通请联系 [腾讯云短信小助手] req.ExtendCode = "" # 国内短信无需填写该项;国际/港澳台短信已申请独立 SenderId 需要填写该字段,默认使用公共 SenderId,无需填写该字段。注:月度使用量达到指定量级可申请独立 SenderId 使用,详情请联系 [腾讯云短信小助手](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/3773#.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF.E4.BA.A4.E6.B5.81)。 req.SenderId = "" resp = client.SendSms(req) # 输出json格式的字符串回包 print(resp.to_json_string(indent=2)) # 当出现以下错误码时,快速解决方案参考 # - [FailedOperation.SignatureIncorrectOrUnapproved](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/9558#.E7.9F.AD.E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.91.E9.80.81.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA.EF.BC.9Afailedoperation.signatureincorrectorunapproved-.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.9F) # - [FailedOperation.TemplateIncorrectOrUnapproved](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/9558#.E7.9F.AD.E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.91.E9.80.81.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA.EF.BC.9Afailedoperation.templateincorrectorunapproved-.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.9F) # - [UnauthorizedOperation.SmsSdkAppIdVerifyFail](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/9558#.E7.9F.AD.E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.91.E9.80.81.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA.EF.BC.9Aunauthorizedoperation.smssdkappidverifyfail-.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.9F) # - [UnsupportedOperation.ContainDomesticAndInternationalPhoneNumber](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/9558#.E7.9F.AD.E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.91.E9.80.81.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA.EF.BC.9Aunsupportedoperation.containdomesticandinternationalphonenumber-.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.9F) # - 更多错误,可咨询[腾讯云助手](https://tccc.qcloud.com/web/im/index.html#/chat?webAppId=8fa15978f85cb41f7e2ea36920cb3ae1&title=Sms) except TencentCloudSDKException as err: print(err)
2.3 django中封装
# 封装包: -libs send_tx_sms #包名 __init__.py settings.py #配置文件 sms.py # 核心文件 ################ __init__.py ############## from .sms import get_code,send_sms_by_phone ################ settings.py ############## SECRET_ID = 'AKIDqLdhZJvQk9QaXLvHOMRKzQuMhqrlibOy' SECRET_KEY = 'YuIYggjdaKuc7Seo16zkKnL3kNpAPTQK' APP_ID = '1400635776' SIGN_NAME='小猿取经公众号' TEMPLATE_ID='1049981' ################ sms.py ############## import random from tencentcloud.common import credential from tencentcloud.common.exception.tencent_cloud_sdk_exception import TencentCloudSDKException # 导入对应产品模块的client models。 from tencentcloud.sms.v20210111 import sms_client, models # 导入可选配置类 from tencentcloud.common.profile.client_profile import ClientProfile from tencentcloud.common.profile.http_profile import HttpProfile from . import settings # 获取n位随机数组验证码的函数 def get_code(num=4): code = '' for i in range(num): random_num = random.randint(0, 9) code += str(random_num) return code # 发送短信函数 def send_sms_by_phone(mobile, code): try: cred = credential.Credential(settings.SECRET_ID, settings.SECRET_KEY) httpProfile = HttpProfile() httpProfile.reqMethod = "POST" # post请求(默认为post请求) httpProfile.reqTimeout = 30 # 请求超时时间,单位为秒(默认60秒) httpProfile.endpoint = "sms.tencentcloudapi.com" # 指定接入地域域名(默认就近接入) # 非必要步骤: # 实例化一个客户端配置对象,可以指定超时时间等配置 clientProfile = ClientProfile() clientProfile.signMethod = "TC3-HMAC-SHA256" # 指定签名算法 clientProfile.language = "en-US" clientProfile.httpProfile = httpProfile client = sms_client.SmsClient(cred, "ap-guangzhou", clientProfile) req = models.SendSmsRequest() req.SmsSdkAppId = settings.APP_ID # 腾讯短信创建app把app的id号复制过来https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/app-manage # 短信签名内容: 使用 UTF-8 编码,必须填写已审核通过的签名 # 签名信息可前往 [国内短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/csms-sign) 或 [国际/港澳台短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/isms-sign) 的签名管理查看 req.SignName = settings.SIGN_NAME # 模板 ID: 必须填写已审核通过的模板 ID # 模板 ID 可前往 [国内短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/csms-template) 或 [国际/港澳台短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/isms-template) 的正文模板管理查看 req.TemplateId = settings.TEMPLATE_ID # 模板参数: 模板参数的个数需要与 TemplateId 对应模板的变量个数保持一致,,若无模板参数,则设置为空 req.TemplateParamSet = [code, '1'] # 下发手机号码,采用 E.164 标准,+[国家或地区码][手机号] # 示例如:+8613711112222, 其中前面有一个+号 ,86为国家码,13711112222为手机号,最多不要超过200个手机号 req.PhoneNumberSet = ["+86" + mobile, ] # 用户的 session 内容(无需要可忽略): 可以携带用户侧 ID 等上下文信息,server 会原样返回 req.SessionContext = "" req.ExtendCode = "" req.SenderId = "" resp = client.SendSms(req) # 输出json格式的字符串回包 # 字符串类型 print(resp.to_json_string(indent=2)) return True except TencentCloudSDKException as err: return False ################ views.py ############## from libs.send_tx_sms import get_code, send_sms_by_phone def send(request): code = get_code() res = send_sms_by_phone('18953675221', code) if res: return HttpResponse('短信发送成功') else: return HttpResponse('短信发送失败')
三 Python发送钉钉通知
# 在公司内部,我们可能会使用钉钉发送群通知或个人通知,需要使用钉钉软件 -手机端 -pc端(mac,win) # 钉钉发送通知主要有以下两种方式 -1 发送群通知【群机器人-webhook方式】 -使用场景:发送消息到聊天群,需要创建一个聊天机器人 -2 发送个人通知【API方式】 -使用场景:给公司内某个同事-发送通知类的消息 -如果请假审批通过,报销单审批完成,员工生日祝福等
3.1 发送群通知
#1 文档(定义群聊天机器人): https://open.dingtalk.com/document/robots/custom-robot-access # 2 参照文档创建聊天机器人 单击群管理 > 机器人 > 添加机器人,选择自定义机器人 # 3 参照api文档编写消息发送 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/robot-overview
3.1.1 创建机器人
3.1.2 发送消息
发送DING消息
# https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/robot-sends-nail-message import requests import time import hmac import base64 import hashlib import urllib timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000)) secret = 'SEC8e6b93d027b9d27443ed6fb24e67777eb89a23d6a6f07e2c6738c3fb98e9549a' secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8') string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret) string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8') hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest() sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code)) print(timestamp) print(sign) url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=7f38316d68b269eac5a94aaded02839e5c27ed1365419e16fce6ad24f5e5198b×tamp=%s&sign=%s'%(timestamp,sign) data = { "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "通知:监控报警: 服务异常" } } res = requests.post(url, json=data) print(res.text)
发送普通消息[链接、markdown消息,feedCard消息]
# https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=7f38316d68b269eac5a94aaded02839e5c27ed1365419e16fce6ad24f5e5198b import requests import time import hmac import base64 import hashlib import urllib timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000)) secret = 'SEC8e6b93d027b9d27443ed6fb24e67777eb89a23d6a6f07e2c6738c3fb98e9549a' secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8') string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret) string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8') hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest() sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code)) print(timestamp) print(sign) url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=7f38316d68b269eac5a94aaded02839e5c27ed1365419e16fce6ad24f5e5198b×tamp=%s&sign=%s'%(timestamp,sign) data = { "msgtype": "link", "link": { "text": "这个即将发布的新版本,创始人xx称它为红树林。而在此之前,每当面临重大升级,产品经理们都会取一个应景的代号,这一次,为什么是红树林", "title": "时代的火车向前开", "picUrl": "", "messageUrl": "https://www.dingtalk.com/s?__biz=MzA4NjMwMTA2Ng==&mid=2650316842&idx=1&sn=60da3ea2b29f1dcc43a7c8e4a7c97a16&scene=2&srcid=09189AnRJEdIiWVaKltFzNTw&from=timeline&isappinstalled=0&key=&ascene=2&uin=&devicetype=android-23&version=26031933&nettype=WIFI" } } res = requests.post(url, json=data) print(res.text)
发送互动卡片
#1 步骤: 步骤一:登录开发者后台,创建内部应用。 步骤二:获取AppKey和AppSecret。 步骤三:申请机器人接口权限,搜索“机器人”,选择机器人相关接口权限并申请。 步骤四:获取应用访问凭证获取企业内部应用的access_token。 步骤五:登录互动卡片普通版搭建平台,搭建卡片模板。 步骤六:调用互动卡片服务端接口。 调用新版服务端API-机器人发送互动卡片接口,实现发送卡片信息。 根据cardBizId卡片标识ID,调用新版服务端API-更新机器人发送互动卡片接口,实现更新卡片内容 # 2 文档地址: https://open.dingtalk.com/document/resourcedownload/ding-card-interactive-card-operation-process?spm=ding_open_doc.document.0.0.616d40e9XD0pGZ # 3 安装sdk pip install alibabacloud_dingtalk
3.3 发送个人通知
# 1 给公司某个发送通知 -https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/asynchronous-sending-of-enterprise-session-messages # 2 在钉钉开放平台创建企业内部应用/钉钉应用 -获取应用凭证(AgentId、AppKey、AppSecret) -https://open-dev.dingtalk.com/fe/app#/corp/app # 3 获取用户token -https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtain-orgapp-token # 4 获取部门id # 5 获取部门下所有用户 # 6 获取所有员工 # 7 发送消息
3.3.1 创建应用
# 1 访问地址: https://open-dev.dingtalk.com/fe/app#/corp/app # 2 创建应用 # 3 得到应用基本信息 AgentId、AppKey、AppSecret
3.3.2 获取token
# 1 文档地址: https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtain-orgapp-token # 2 编写代码获取token def get_access_token(appkey, appsecret): """ 获取access_token https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtain-orgapp-token """ url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/gettoken' params = { 'appkey': appkey, 'appsecret': appsecret } res = requests.get(url, params=params) return res.json()
3.3.4 获取在职员工
# 1 接口文档 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/intelligent-personnel-query-the-list-of-on-the-job-employees-of-the # 2 给应用授权 # 3 代码获取 def get_all_member(access_token): url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/smartwork/hrm/employee/queryonjob" data = { "access_token": access_token, } body={ 'status_list':3, 'offset':0, 'size':50 } res_json = requests.post(url=url, params=data,json=body).json() return res_json
3.3.5 发送消息
# 1 接口文档地址 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/asynchronous-sending-of-enterprise-session-messages # 2 给应用授权 # 3 代码发送消息 def send_message(access_token, body): """ 发送应用消息 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/asynchronous-sending-of-enterprise-session-messages """ url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/message/corpconversation/asyncsend_v2' params = { 'access_token': access_token, } res = requests.post(url, params=params, json=body) return res.json() ret = send_message(token['access_token'], { "agent_id": agent_id, #"userid_list": res['userIds'][0], "userid_list": res['result']['data_list'][0], "msg": { "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "你好,钉钉" }, }, })
3.3.6 获取部门列表
# 旧版本接口:https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtains-a-list-of-industry-departments def get_dep_list(access_token): url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/department/list" data = { "access_token": access_token, } res_json = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json() print(res_json) return res_json['department'][0]['id'] # 新版本接口 def get_dep_list(access_token): url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/v2/department/listsub" data = { "access_token": access_token, } body={ # 'dept_id':0, # 'language':'zh_CN' } res_json = requests.post(url=url, params=data,json=body).json() print(res_json) return res_json['result'][0]['dept_id']
3.3.7 获取部门下人员
# 旧版本接口 def get_memberList(access_token,depId): url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/user/getDeptMember" data = { "access_token": access_token, "deptId": depId, } res_json = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json() return res_json # 新版本接口:https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtains-the-list-of-people-under-a-department def get_memberList(access_token): url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/industry/user/list" data = { "access_token": access_token, } body={ "dept_id": 922598227, 'cursor':1, 'size':10 } res_json = requests.post(url=url, params=data,json=body).json() return res_json
3.3.8 总代码
import requests def get_access_token(appkey, appsecret): """ 获取access_token https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtain-orgapp-token :param appkey: 应用的唯一标识key :param appsecret: 应用的密钥 :return: { "errcode": 0, "access_token": "96fc7a7axxx", "errmsg": "ok", "expires_in": 7200 } """ url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/gettoken' params = { 'appkey': appkey, 'appsecret': appsecret } res = requests.get(url, params=params) return res.json() def send_message(access_token, body): """ 发送应用消息 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/asynchronous-sending-of-enterprise-session-messages """ url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/message/corpconversation/asyncsend_v2' params = { 'access_token': access_token, } res = requests.post(url, params=params, json=body) return res.json() def get_dep_list(access_token): url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/department/list" data = { "access_token": access_token, } res_json = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json() print(res_json) return res_json['department'][0]['id'] def get_memberList(access_token,depId): url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/user/getDeptMember" data = { "access_token": access_token, "deptId": depId, } res_json = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json() return res_json def get_all_member(access_token): url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/smartwork/hrm/employee/queryonjob" data = { "access_token": access_token, } body={ 'status_list':3, 'offset':0, 'size':50 } res_json = requests.post(url=url, params=data,json=body).json() return res_json if __name__ == '__main__': # 应用的唯一标识key appkey = 'dingonm5dhwzzwc1sgnj' # 应用的密钥 appsecret = 'uIn2WinJ87THxLSjUAcuWQwg3hSVwG462UPm6yhi-mkvd2tb3ASjTOetYvuhvXef' # 发送消息时使用的微应用的AgentID agent_id = '3017843676' # 接收者的userid列表 userid_list = '' token = get_access_token(appkey, appsecret) print(token) # 获取部门 dept_id=get_dep_list(token['access_token']) # res=get_memberList(token['access_token'],dept_id) res=get_all_member(token['access_token']) print(res['result']['data_list'][0]) # 发消息 ret = send_message(token['access_token'], { "agent_id": agent_id, # "userid_list": res['userIds'][1], "userid_list": res['result']['data_list'][0], "msg": { "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "你好,钉钉通知~~~~" }, }, }) # print(ret)