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实现：mysql-5.7.42 到 mysql-8.2.0 的升级（rpm方式）
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注：本文在测试环境升级测试，建议先在测试环境验证。mysql-5.7.42为rpm安装，所以用rpm方式升级
1、升级准备
1、数据备份：在升级之前，务必对当前的 MySQL 5.7 数据库进行完整备份，以防止数据丢失或损坏。确保备份文件的安全存储，并测试其可恢复性。
2、安全性考虑：建议在测试环境中进行升级测试，以模拟真实场景并检测潜在问题。这有助于减少生产环境中的不确定性和风险。
1、使用mysql-shell 检查工具检查兼容性
下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/shell/
上传mysql-shell：
安装 mysql-shell rpm 软件包：：
rpm -Uvh mysql-shell-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps 查看 mysql-shel安装版本：
mysqlsh --version 
检查该版本是否可以升级到MySQL 8.2.0：
mysqlsh -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e "util.checkForServerUpgrade()" 检查结果报告：
[root@zyl-server ~]# mysqlsh -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e "util.checkForServerUpgrade()" Please provide the password for 'root@/var%2Flib%2Fmysql%2Fmysql.sock': ********（zyl@2024） Save password for 'root@/var%2Flib%2Fmysql%2Fmysql.sock'? [Y]es/[N]o/Ne[v]er (default No): Y The MySQL server at /var%2Flib%2Fmysql%2Fmysql.sock, version 5.7.42 - MySQL Community Server (GPL), will now be checked for compatibility issues for upgrade to MySQL 8.2.0... 1) Usage of old temporal type No issues found 2) MySQL 8.0 syntax check for routine-like objects No issues found 3) Usage of db objects with names conflicting with new reserved keywords No issues found 4) Usage of utf8mb3 charset No issues found 5) Table names in the mysql schema conflicting with new tables in 8.0 No issues found 6) Partitioned tables using engines with non native partitioning No issues found 7) Foreign key constraint names longer than 64 characters No issues found 8) Usage of obsolete MAXDB sql_mode flag No issues found 9) Usage of obsolete sql_mode flags Notice: The following DB objects have obsolete options persisted for sql_mode, which will be cleared during upgrade to 8.0. More information: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-nutshell.html#mysql-nutshell-removals db_zyl.InsertMultipleUsers - PROCEDURE uses obsolete NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER sql_mode global system variable sql_mode - defined using obsolete NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER option 10) ENUM/SET column definitions containing elements longer than 255 characters No issues found 11) Usage of partitioned tables in shared tablespaces No issues found 12) Circular directory references in tablespace data file paths No issues found 13) Usage of removed functions No issues found 14) Usage of removed GROUP BY ASC/DESC syntax No issues found 15) Removed system variables for error logging to the system log configuration To run this check requires full path to MySQL server configuration file to be specified at 'configPath' key of options dictionary More information: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/8.0/en/news-8-0-13.html#mysqld-8-0-13-logging 16) Removed system variables To run this check requires full path to MySQL server configuration file to be specified at 'configPath' key of options dictionary More information: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/added-deprecated-removed.html#optvars-removed 17) System variables with new default values To run this check requires full path to MySQL server configuration file to be specified at 'configPath' key of options dictionary More information: https://mysqlserverteam.com/new-defaults-in-mysql-8-0/ 18) Zero Date, Datetime, and Timestamp values No issues found 19) Schema inconsistencies resulting from file removal or corruption No issues found 20) Tables recognized by InnoDB that belong to a different engine No issues found 21) Issues reported by 'check table x for upgrade' command No issues found 22) New default authentication plugin considerations Warning: The new default authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' offers more secure password hashing than previously used 'mysql_native_password' (and consequent improved client connection authentication). However, it also has compatibility implications that may affect existing MySQL installations. If your MySQL installation must serve pre-8.0 clients and you encounter compatibility issues after upgrading, the simplest way to address those issues is to reconfigure the server to revert to the previous default authentication plugin (mysql_native_password). For example, use these lines in the server option file: [mysqld] default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password However, the setting should be viewed as temporary, not as a long term or permanent solution, because it causes new accounts created with the setting in effect to forego the improved authentication security. If you are using replication please take time to understand how the authentication plugin changes may impact you. More information: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/upgrading-from-previous-series.html#upgrade-caching-sha2-password-compatibility-issues https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/upgrading-from-previous-series.html#upgrade-caching-sha2-password-replication 23) Columns which cannot have default values No issues found 24) Check for invalid table names and schema names used in 5.7 No issues found 25) Check for orphaned routines in 5.7 No issues found 26) Check for deprecated usage of single dollar signs in object names No issues found 27) Check for indexes that are too large to work on higher versions of MySQL Server than 5.7 No issues found 28) Check for deprecated '.<table>' syntax used in routines. No issues found 29) Check for columns that have foreign keys pointing to tables from a diffrent database engine. No issues found Errors: 0 Warnings: 1 Notices: 2 NOTE: No fatal errors were found that would prevent an upgrade, but some potential issues were detected. Please ensure that the reported issues are not significant before upgrading. [root@zyl-server ~]# 检查结果显示：
没有发现使用旧的时间类型的问题。 没有发现MySQL 8.0 语法检查问题。 没有发现与新保留关键字冲突的数据库对象使用问题。 没有发现使用utf8mb3字符集的问题。 没有发现mysql模式中的表名与MySQL 8.0中的新表冲突的问题。 没有发现使用非原生分区引擎的分区表的问题。 没有发现外键约束名称超过64个字符的问题。 没有发现使用已弃用MAXDB sql_mode标志的问题。 发现某些数据库对象具有过时的sql_mode选项，将在升级到8.0时清除。 没有发现ENUM/SET列定义中包含超过255个字符的元素的问题。 没有发现在共享表空间中使用分区表的问题。 没有发现循环目录引用的问题。 没有发现使用已删除函数的问题。 没有发现使用已删除的GROUP BY ASC/DESC语法的问题。 没有发现已删除的系统变量以进行错误日志记录的问题。 没有发现已删除的系统变量的问题。 检查到有新的默认值的系统变量。 没有发现零日期、日期时间和时间戳值的问题。 没有发现由于文件删除或损坏导致的模式不一致问题。 没有发现被InnoDB识别为属于不同引擎的表的问题。 没有发现通过'check table x for upgrade'命令报告的问题。 发现新的默认身份验证插件的注意事项。 没有发现不能具有默认值的列的问题。 没有发现在5.7中使用无效的表名和模式名的问题。 没有发现在5.7中存在的孤立例程的问题。 没有发现在对象名称中使用单个美元符号的已弃用用法的问题。 没有发现在高于MySQL 5.7版本的MySQL服务器上无法工作的太大的索引的问题。 没有发现在例程中使用已弃用的'.<table>'语法的问题。 没有发现具有指向来自不同数据库引擎的表的外键的列的问题。 总结： 错误：0 警告：1 注意事项：2 2、操作环境
1、查看当前数据库版本
mysql> select@@version; +-----------+ | @@version | +-----------+ | 5.7.42 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 2、操作系统版本
[root@zyl-server ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core) [root@zyl-server ~]# [root@zyl-server ~]# 3、备份数据库、my.cnf文件，停止mysql服务（重要）
[root@zyl-server ~]# mysqldump -hlocalhost -uroot -p --all-databases > /home/db_back_2024.sql Enter password: [root@zyl-server ~]# ll total 1317800 -rw-------. 1 root root 1419 Aug 30 2023 anaconda-ks.cfg -rw-------. 1 root root 453727744 Mar 13 19:40 image_mysql.tar -rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 58 Mar 17 16:39 init-file drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 88 Mar 11 10:59 mynginx-app -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 447283712 Mar 13 19:24 mysql-5.7-container02.tar -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 447283712 Mar 13 19:23 mysql-5.7-container.tar drwxr-xr-x. 9 mfs mfs 186 Feb 28 20:38 nginx-1.24.0 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1112471 Feb 28 20:37 nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz [root@zyl-server ~]# cd /home/ [root@zyl-server home]# ll total 876 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 890551 Mar 17 16:58 db_back_2024.sql drwx------. 2 mfs mfs 99 Feb 29 21:49 mfs drwx------. 2 redis redis 99 Mar 3 02:43 redis drwx------. 3 zyl zyl 4096 Mar 16 13:47 zyl [root@zyl-server home]# [root@zyl-server home]# cp /etc/my.cnf /home/5.7.37_my.cnf [root@zyl-server home]# [root@zyl-server home]# [root@zyl-server home]# systemctl stop mysqld 4、上传、解压安装包
下载mysql8.2.0:
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
创建"mysql8.2.0-bundle"的文件夹，用于存放解压文件。
mkdir mysql8.2.0-bundle tar -xvf mysql-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
5、查看已安装的mysql-5.7.42有关的包
列出系统中所有与 mysql 相关的 RPM 软件包。
rpm -qa|grep -i mysql 
6、升级、按顺序执行
[root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-server-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps warning: mysql-community-server-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-server-8.2.0-1.el################################# [ 50%] Cleaning up / removing... 2:mysql-community-server-5.7.42-1.e################################# [100%] [root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-client- mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-plugins-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps warning: mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el################################# [ 50%] Cleaning up / removing... 2:mysql-community-client-5.7.42-1.e################################# [100%] [root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-libs-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps warning: mysql-community-libs-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-libs-8.2.0-1.el7 ################################# [ 50%] Cleaning up / removing... 2:mysql-community-libs-5.7.42-1.el7################################# [100%] [root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-common-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps warning: mysql-community-common-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-common-8.2.0-1.el################################# [ 50%] Cleaning up / removing... 2:mysql-community-common-5.7.42-1.e################################# [100%] [root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# 
7、升级验证
1、检查登录正常
systemctl start mysqld mysql -u root -p [root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: （zyl@2024） Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 12 Server version: 8.2.0 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> 2、检查升级版本
已由mysql-5.7.42 升级到 mysql-8.2.0 。
mysql> select@@version; +-----------+ | @@version | +-----------+ | 8.2.0 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 
3、检查数据
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | db_zyl | | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use db_zyl; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> mysql> mysql> show tables; +------------------+ | Tables_in_db_zyl | +------------------+ | users | +------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from users; +----+----------+----------------------+-------------+---------------------+ | id | name | email | password | created_at | +----+----------+----------------------+-------------+---------------------+ | 1 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:46 | | 2 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:50 | | 3 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:52 | | 4 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:55 | | 5 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:56 | +----+----------+----------------------+-------------+---------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 
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