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一、服务器内部转发:request.getRequestDispatcher(“…”).forward(request, response);
一次请求响应的过程,对于客户端而言,内部经过了多少次转发,客户端是不知道的。地址栏中的URL是不会变化的。
内部经过3、4次跳转都是一次请求响应。如图所示:
二、客户端重定向:response.sendRedirect(“×××”);
两次请求响应的过程。客户端肯定知道请求URL有变化。如图所示:
三、服务器内部转发代码示例
服务器内部转发:证明可通过代码断点调试
Demo06Servlet.java
// 演示服务器端内部转发 public class Demo06Servlet extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println("demo06...."); // 服务器端内部转发 request.getRequestDispatcher("demo07").forward(request, response); } }
Demo07Servlet.java
public class Demo07Servlet extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println("demo07...."); } }
web.xml
<servlet> <servlet-name>Demo06Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.atguigu.servlets.Demo06Servlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Demo06Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/demo06</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>Demo07Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.atguigu.servlets.Demo07Servlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Demo07Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/demo07</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
四、客户端重定向代码示例
Demo06Servlet.java
// 演示服务器端内部转发以及客户端重定向 public class Demo06Servlet extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println("demo06...."); // 客户端重定向 response.sendRedirect("demo07"); } }
Demo07Servlet.java
public class Demo07Servlet extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println("demo07...."); } }
web.xml
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Demo06Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/demo06</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>Demo07Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.atguigu.servlets.Demo07Servlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Demo07Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/demo07</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
访问demo06,一敲回车,可以发现它发送了两次请求
点击demo06的请求,可以发现状态码为302(重定向),Location也变成了demo07
demo07的状态码则是200