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要使用Netty创建一个嵌入式服务器,可以按照以下步骤进行:
引入Netty依赖:
在项目中添加Netty库的依赖,例如使用Maven或Gradle。创建事件循环组:
Netty使用事件循环组来处理通道事件。通常需要两个组,一个用于接收连接(bossGroup),另一个用于处理连接的读写(workerGroup)。EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
配置服务器引导:
使用ServerBootstrap
来配置服务器的参数和通道处理器。ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(); bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception { channel.pipeline() .addLast(new IdleStateHandler(0, 0, 90, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) // 90秒空闲时间 .addLast(new HttpServerCodec()) .addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(5 * 1024 * 1024)) // 最大消息体积5MB .addLast(new CustomServerHandler()); // 自定义的处理器 } }) .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
绑定端口并启动服务器:
最后,绑定端口并启动服务器。try { ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(8080).sync(); future.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); }
以下是一个完整的示例代码:
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap; import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture; import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer; import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption; import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup; import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup; import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel; import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel; import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator; import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec; import io.netty.handler.timeout.IdleStateHandler; public class EmbeddedNettyServer { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(); bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception { channel.pipeline() .addLast(new IdleStateHandler(0, 0, 90, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) .addLast(new HttpServerCodec()) .addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(5 * 1024 * 1024)) .addLast(new CustomServerHandler()); } }) .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true); ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(8080).sync(); future.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } } }
请注意,CustomServerHandler
是需要实现的类,用于处理具体的业务逻辑。