ESP32接入网络后,循环扫描服务器IP及端口状态信息(ESP-IDF)

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猴君
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0、代码说明

        本文使用的是ESP32系列的ESP32S3设备开发,ESP-IDF框架版本为ESP-IDF V5.1,在VScode下以ESP-IDF插件的形式对设备开发。后期经过对程序的测试发现,在ESP-IDF v4.4框架下编译开发,也可以实现循环扫描功能,实现功能的程序源码Demo见文末。

1、实现背景

        在嵌入式物联网这一类的项目开发中,硬件设备常作为客户端,通过固定的或非固定的服务器IP地址和端口号向服务器进行通信,上传本地数据到服务器中或接收来自服务器的请求数据。本文主要解决当服务器IP地址并未固定或者因某种原因导致服务器的IP地址发生变动,而硬件设备产品可能已经上市交付等其它因素,并不能及时的通过OTA升级更新客户端的MCU硬件程序,但硬件产品依然需要连接服务器的端口,进行数据交互。

        为了预防避免这些意外,在硬件设备程序的编写中,并不能和往常一样直接固定了服务器IP地址。本博客文章中提供了一种简单可行的方法,即:客户端固定了目标服务器的IP端口,但服务器的IP地址并不固定。当然,也可以先进行对某一固定了IP和端口的服务器进行连接,在多次或者一定时间都不能正常接入服务器后,开启循环扫描同一网段的服务器IP,连接该固定端口或备用端口。

2、开发资料参考

乐鑫官方的ESP-IDF编程API参考指南链接:API 指南 - ESP32-S3 - — ESP-IDF 编程指南 latest 文档 (espressif.com)

通过API编程参考,可以查看ESP32所需要的常用API及其使用的Demo案例。

3、程序效果图

ESP32接入WiFi网络后获取到的IP地址信息

ESP32扫描到在线的IP地址,但未扫描到对应的端口,如果服务器未开启,则ESP32会一直循环扫描服务器的IP及端口。

ESP32扫描到服务器的IP地址和端口

服务器的IP地址

ESP32接入服务器后,服务器端收到来自客户端发送的数据

4、程序源码

 ①、main.c

#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include "esp_wifi.h" #include "esp_log.h" #include "nvs_flash.h" #include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h" #include "freertos/task.h" #include "network.h"  //设备启动接入WiFi后,循环扫描服务器ip是否在线,通信端口是否打开  int app_main() {     printf("Program starting...\n");      int ret = 0;     char server_ip[128] = {0};     uint8_t wifi_ssid[] = "imi-12-1719";     uint8_t wifi_passwd[] = "imi?61415926";          device_connect_wifi_ap(wifi_ssid, wifi_passwd);     vTaskDelay(500);       while(1)     {         ret = device_scan_dest_server(server_ip);         if(ret == 0)         {             printf("Server ip:%s\n", server_ip);             break;         }         vTaskDelay(30000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);     }          //连接服务器     extern int tcp_sock;     tcp_client_init(server_ip);     char str[] = "hello server!";     send(tcp_sock, str, strlen(str)+1, 0);     close(tcp_sock);      return 0; } 

②、network.c

#include "network.h"  //ESP-IDF v5.1 static const char *TAG = "wifi_station";  int tcp_sock = -1; int udp_sock = -1;  esp_ping_handle_t ping; int ping_flag = -1; enum {     PING_IP_OK = 0,     PING_IP_ERR }; struct sockaddr_in dest_addr;  /**   * @brief  连接WiFi事件处理器---处理WiFi和IP事件   * @param  arg:用户定义的参数   * @param  event_base:事件基类型   * @param  event_id:事件具体ID   * @param  event_data:指向事件数据的指针   * @retval void   */ void connect_wifi_ap_event_handler(void* arg, esp_event_base_t event_base, int32_t event_id, void* event_data) {     if (event_base == WIFI_EVENT && event_id == WIFI_EVENT_STA_START) {         esp_wifi_connect();     } else if (event_base == WIFI_EVENT && event_id == WIFI_EVENT_STA_DISCONNECTED) {         esp_wifi_connect();     } else if (event_base == IP_EVENT && event_id == IP_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP) {         ip_event_got_ip_t* event = (ip_event_got_ip_t*) event_data;         char addr_str[IP4ADDR_STRLEN_MAX];         ESP_LOGI(TAG, "got ip:%s", esp_ip4addr_ntoa(&event->ip_info.ip, addr_str, IP4ADDR_STRLEN_MAX));     } }  /**   * @brief  设备连接WiFi AP热点   * @param  wifi_ssid:WiFi 热点ID   * @param  wifi_passwd:WiFi密码   * @retval void   */ void device_connect_wifi_ap(uint8_t *wifi_ssid, uint8_t *wifi_passwd) {     esp_err_t ret = nvs_flash_init();     if (ret == ESP_ERR_NVS_NO_FREE_PAGES || ret == ESP_ERR_NVS_NEW_VERSION_FOUND) {         ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_flash_erase());         ret = nvs_flash_init();     }     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ret);      ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_netif_init());     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_loop_create_default());     esp_netif_create_default_wifi_sta();      wifi_init_config_t cfg = WIFI_INIT_CONFIG_DEFAULT();     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_init(&cfg));      ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_register(WIFI_EVENT, ESP_EVENT_ANY_ID, &connect_wifi_ap_event_handler, NULL));     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_register(IP_EVENT, IP_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP, &connect_wifi_ap_event_handler, NULL));      wifi_config_t wifi_config;     memcpy(wifi_config.sta.ssid, wifi_ssid, strlen((char *)wifi_ssid)+1);     memcpy(wifi_config.sta.password, wifi_passwd, strlen((char *)wifi_passwd)+1);      ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_set_mode(WIFI_MODE_STA));     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_set_config(ESP_IF_WIFI_STA, &wifi_config));     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_start()); }  /**   * @brief  udp客户端初始化   * @param  None   * @retval 成功返回0,失败返回-1   */ int udp_client_init(void) {     char host_ip[] = HOST_IP_ADDR;     int addr_family = 0;     int ip_protocol = 0;   #if defined(CONFIG_EXAMPLE_IPV4)     //struct sockaddr_in dest_addr;     dest_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host_ip);     dest_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;     dest_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);     addr_family = AF_INET;     ip_protocol = IPPROTO_IP; #elif defined(CONFIG_EXAMPLE_IPV6)     struct sockaddr_in6 dest_addr = {0};     inet6_aton(HOST_IP_ADDR, &dest_addr.sin6_addr);     dest_addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;     dest_addr.sin6_port = htons(PORT);     dest_addr.sin6_scope_id = esp_netif_get_netif_impl_index(EXAMPLE_INTERFACE);     addr_family = AF_INET6;     ip_protocol = IPPROTO_IPV6; #elif defined(CONFIG_EXAMPLE_SOCKET_IP_INPUT_STDIN)     struct sockaddr_storage dest_addr = {0};     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(get_addr_from_stdin(PORT, SOCK_DGRAM, &ip_protocol, &addr_family, &dest_addr)); #endif     extern int udp_sock;     udp_sock = socket(addr_family, SOCK_DGRAM, ip_protocol);     if (udp_sock < 0)     {         ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unable to create socket: errno %d", errno);         return -1;     }     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Socket created, sending to %s:%d", HOST_IP_ADDR, PORT);     return 0; }  /**   * @brief  tcp客户端初始化   * @param  None   * @retval 成功返回0,失败返回-1   */ int tcp_client_init(char ip_addr[]) {     //char host_ip[128] = HOST_IP_ADDR;     char host_ip[128] = {0};     memcpy(host_ip, ip_addr, strlen(ip_addr));     int addr_family = 0;     int ip_protocol = 0;     int err = 0; #if defined(CONFIG_EXAMPLE_IPV4)     struct sockaddr_in dest_addr;     dest_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host_ip);     dest_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;     dest_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);     addr_family = AF_INET;     ip_protocol = IPPROTO_IP; #elif defined(CONFIG_EXAMPLE_IPV6)     struct sockaddr_in6 dest_addr = { 0 };     inet6_aton(host_ip, &dest_addr.sin6_addr);     dest_addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;     dest_addr.sin6_port = htons(PORT);     dest_addr.sin6_scope_id = esp_netif_get_netif_impl_index(EXAMPLE_INTERFACE);     addr_family = AF_INET6;     ip_protocol = IPPROTO_IPV6; #elif defined(CONFIG_EXAMPLE_SOCKET_IP_INPUT_STDIN)     struct sockaddr_storage dest_addr = { 0 };     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(get_addr_from_stdin(PORT, SOCK_STREAM, &ip_protocol, &addr_family, &dest_addr)); #endif     extern int tcp_sock;     tcp_sock = socket(addr_family, SOCK_STREAM, ip_protocol);     if (tcp_sock < 0) {         ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unable to create socket: errno %d", errno);         return -1;     }     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Socket created, connecting to server");     DPRINTF("Socket created, connecting to %s:%d\n", host_ip, PORT);     err = connect(tcp_sock, (struct sockaddr *)&dest_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));     if (err != 0) {         ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Socket unable to connect: errno %d", errno);         return -1;     }     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Successfully connected");     return 0; }  /**   * @brief  设备连接服务器   * @param  target_ip:目标IP地址   * @retval 成功返回0,失败返回-1   */ int device_connect_to_server(char *target_ip) {     int sock = 0;     struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;     //#define PORT 5005     DPRINTF("FUNCTION:%s\tLINE:%d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);     if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {         DPRINTF("\n Socket creation error \n");         close(sock);         return -1;     }     DPRINTF("FUNCTION:%s\tLINE:%d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);     memset(&serv_addr, '0', sizeof(serv_addr));     serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;     serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);      if(inet_pton(AF_INET, target_ip, &serv_addr.sin_addr)<=0) {         DPRINTF("\nInvalid address/ Address not supported \n");         close(sock);         return -1;     }     DPRINTF("FUNCTION:%s\tLINE:%d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);     if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {         //send(sock, "hello", strlen("hello"), 0);         DPRINTF("\nConnection Failed %s\t%d\n", target_ip, PORT);         close(sock);         return -1;     }     DPRINTF("Connected to %s:%d\n", target_ip, PORT);     //char str[] = "hello server!";     //send(sock, str, strlen(str)+1, 0);     close(sock);      return 0; }  /**   * @brief  TCP扫描同一网段下的目标服务器设备   * @param  target_ip:目标IP地址   * @retval 成功返回0, 失败返回-1   */ int device_scan_dest_server(char ip_addr[]) {     char ip_local_addr[128]  = {0};     char ip_search_addr[256] = {0};     esp_netif_t *netif = esp_netif_get_handle_from_ifkey("WIFI_STA_DEF");     esp_netif_ip_info_t ip_info;     esp_netif_get_ip_info(netif, &ip_info);      memcpy(ip_local_addr, ip4addr_ntoa((ip4_addr_t *)&ip_info.ip), strlen(ip4addr_ntoa((ip4_addr_t *)&ip_info.ip)));          //char *ip4addr_ntoa(const ip4_addr_t *addr);     printf("device ip:%s\n", ip_local_addr);     //192.168.1.8     int i, self_ip_com = 0;     int tok_cnt = 1;     int ret = -1;     for(i = 0; i < 128; i++)     {         if(ip_local_addr[i] == '.')//获取所在网段         {             if(tok_cnt == 3)             {                 self_ip_com =  ip_local_addr[i+1] - '0';                 break;             }             tok_cnt++;         }         //DPRINTF("%c %d\n", ip_local_addr[i], i);     }     DPRINTF("self_ip_com:%d\n", self_ip_com);     DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);     char ip_addr_temp[128] = {0};     strncpy(ip_addr_temp, ip_local_addr, i+1);     DPRINTF("%s\n", ip_addr_temp);     int com;     for(com = 1; com < 255; com++)     {         if(com == self_ip_com)             continue;         sprintf(ip_search_addr, "%s%d", ip_addr_temp, com);         //DPRINTF("%s\n", ip_search_addr);         DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);         device_ping_ip_addr(ip_search_addr);//ping传入的ip地址         vTaskDelay(500 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);         //ping通ip地址后,继续判断是否能够连接端口(5005)         if(ping_flag == PING_IP_OK)         {             esp_ping_stop(ping);             esp_ping_delete_session(ping);             DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);             ret = device_connect_to_server(ip_search_addr);             if (ret == 0)             {                 DPRINTF("Found the target server.\n");                 memcpy(ip_addr, ip_search_addr, strlen(ip_search_addr));                 break;             }         }else{             DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);             //vTaskDelay(300 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);             esp_ping_stop(ping);             esp_ping_delete_session(ping);         }         DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);         //DPRINTF("try again.\n");         memset(ip_search_addr, 0, sizeof(ip_search_addr));     }     DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);     printf("com = %d\n", com);     if(com < 255)     {         DPRINTF("Device scan server success.\n");                  return 0;     }else{         DPRINTF("Device scan server failed.\n");         return -1;     } }  /**   * @brief  ping ip地址成功的回调函数   * @param  handle:ping ip句柄   * @param  args:传入给回调函数的参数   * @retval None   */ void ping_ip_success(esp_ping_handle_t handle, void *args) {     // optionally, get callback arguments     // const char* str = (const char*) args;     // DPRINTF("%s\r\n", str); // "foo"     ping_flag = PING_IP_OK;     uint8_t ttl;     uint16_t seqno;     uint32_t elapsed_time, recv_len;     ip_addr_t target_addr;     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_SEQNO, &seqno, sizeof(seqno));     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_TTL, &ttl, sizeof(ttl));     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_IPADDR, &target_addr, sizeof(target_addr));     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_SIZE, &recv_len, sizeof(recv_len));     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_TIMEGAP, &elapsed_time, sizeof(elapsed_time));     printf("%ld bytes from %s icmp_seq=%d ttl=%d time=%ld ms\n",            recv_len, inet_ntoa(target_addr.u_addr.ip4), seqno, ttl, elapsed_time); }  /**   * @brief  ping ip地址超时的回调函数   * @param  handle:ping ip句柄   * @param  args:传入给回调函数的参数   * @retval None   */ void ping_ip_timeout(esp_ping_handle_t handle, void *args) {     ping_flag = PING_IP_ERR;     uint16_t seqno;     ip_addr_t target_addr;     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_SEQNO, &seqno, sizeof(seqno));     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_IPADDR, &target_addr, sizeof(target_addr));     printf("From %s icmp_seq=%d timeout\n", inet_ntoa(target_addr.u_addr.ip4), seqno); }  /**   * @brief  ping ip地址结束的回调函数   * @param  handle:ping ip句柄   * @param  args:传入给回调函数的参数   * @retval None   */ void ping_ip_end(esp_ping_handle_t handle, void *args) {     uint32_t transmitted;     uint32_t received;     uint32_t total_time_ms;     ping_flag = -1;     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_REQUEST, &transmitted, sizeof(transmitted));     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_REPLY, &received, sizeof(received));     esp_ping_get_profile(handle, ESP_PING_PROF_DURATION, &total_time_ms, sizeof(total_time_ms));     DPRINTF("%ld packets transmitted, %ld received, time %ldms\n", transmitted, received, total_time_ms); }  /**   * @brief  ping ip地址   * @param  ip_str:字符串格式的IP地址   "192.168.1.8"   * @retval None   */ void device_ping_ip_addr(char *ip_str) {     DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);     ip_addr_t target_addr;     esp_ping_config_t ping_config = ESP_PING_DEFAULT_CONFIG();     ping_config.interval_ms = 400;     ping_config.timeout_ms  = 400;     memset(&target_addr, 0, sizeof(ip_addr_t));     //字符串IP地址转换为ping_addr     if (ipaddr_aton(ip_str, &target_addr)) {         //DPRINTF("转换成功.\n");         ping_config.target_addr = target_addr;     } else {         DPRINTF("Invalid IP address\n");         return ;     }     DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);     //ping_config.target_addr = target_addr;          // target IP address     ping_config.count = ESP_PING_COUNT_INFINITE;    // ping in infinite mode, esp_ping_stop can stop it          //设置回调函数     esp_ping_callbacks_t cbs;     cbs.on_ping_success = ping_ip_success;     cbs.on_ping_timeout = ping_ip_timeout;     cbs.on_ping_end = ping_ip_end;     cbs.cb_args = "ping ip";  // arguments that will feed to all callback functions, can be NULL     DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);     esp_ping_new_session(&ping_config, &cbs, &ping);     DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);     esp_ping_start(ping);     DPRINTF("%s\t%d\n", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__); } 

③、network.h

#ifndef __NETWORK_H #define __NETWORK_H  #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <string.h> #include "sdkconfig.h" #include <sys/param.h> #include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h" #include "freertos/task.h" #include "freertos/event_groups.h" #include "freertos/queue.h"  #include "esp_system.h" #include "esp_wifi.h" #include "esp_event.h" #include "esp_log.h" #include "nvs_flash.h" #include "esp_netif.h"  #include "lwip/err.h" #include "lwip/sockets.h" #include "lwip/inet.h" #include "lwip/ip4_addr.h" #include "lwip/sys.h" #include <lwip/netdb.h> #include "esp_ping.h" #include "ping/ping_sock.h" #include "driver/gpio.h"  #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <errno.h> #include <netdb.h>            // struct addrinfo #include <arpa/inet.h>  //#define __DEBUG__    //宏定义调试打印开关  #ifdef __DEBUG__     #define DPRINTF(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)  //宏调试打印函数定义 #else     #define DPRINTF(...) #endif   #define WIFI_SSID "tony" #define WIFI_PASS "1008611123"  #if defined(CONFIG_EXAMPLE_IPV4) #define HOST_IP_ADDR CONFIG_EXAMPLE_IPV4_ADDR #elif defined(CONFIG_EXAMPLE_IPV6) #define HOST_IP_ADDR CONFIG_EXAMPLE_IPV6_ADDR #else #define HOST_IP_ADDR "192.168.1.100" #endif  #define PORT 6666    void connect_wifi_ap_event_handler(void* arg, esp_event_base_t event_base, int32_t event_id, void* event_data); void device_connect_wifi_ap(uint8_t *wifi_ssid, uint8_t *wifi_passwd); int  udp_client_init(void); int  tcp_client_init(char ip_addr[]); void udp_client_task(void *pvParameters); void tcp_client_task(void *pvParameters); void key_udp_task(void *pvParameters); void key_tcp_task(void *pvParameters);  int  device_connect_to_server(char *target_ip); int  device_scan_dest_server(char ip_addr[]); void ping_ip_success(esp_ping_handle_t handle, void *args); void ping_ip_timeout(esp_ping_handle_t handle, void *args); void ping_ip_end(esp_ping_handle_t handle, void *args); void device_ping_ip_addr(char *ip_str);  extern esp_ping_handle_t ping; extern int ping_flag; extern int tcp_sock; extern int udp_sock; extern struct sockaddr_in dest_addr;  #endif

④、完整工程源码

    【免费】ESP32接入网络后,循环扫描服务器IP及端口是否在线的完整工程demo(ESP-IDF)资源-CSDN文库

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