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在SpringBoot中使用RabbitMQ,需要引入相关的依赖并配置RabbitMQ的连接信息。以下是具体的步骤:
- 引入RabbitMQ的依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqpartifactId> dependency>
- 在application.properties文件中配置RabbitMQ的连接信息:
spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost spring.rabbitmq.port=5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=guest spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
- 创建一个RabbitMQ的消息生产者:
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class RabbitMQProducer { @Autowired private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate; public void send(String message) { rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange", "routingKey", message); } }
- 创建一个RabbitMQ的消息消费者:
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class RabbitMQConsumer { @RabbitListener(queues = "queue") public void receiveMessage(String message) { System.out.println("Received message: " + message); } }
- 在启动类中添加@EnableRabbit注解启用RabbitMQ支持:
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.EnableRabbit; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication @EnableRabbit public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
通过以上步骤,就可以在SpringBoot中使用RabbitMQ进行消息的发送和接收操作。当发送一条消息时,消息生产者会将消息发送到指定的交换机和路由键,消息消费者会监听指定的队列并接收消息。