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在Java Web应用中,使用Struts框架的ActionForm类处理文件上传的过程如下:
- 在JSP页面中创建一个表单,设置表单的enctype属性为"multipart/form-data",这样才能上传文件。例如:
<form action="upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <input type="file" name="file" /> <input type="submit" value="Upload" /> </form>
- 创建一个继承自ActionForm的类,例如FileUploadForm。在这个类中,定义一个File类型的属性用于接收上传的文件,例如:
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm; import java.io.File; public class FileUploadForm extends ActionForm { private File file; // Getter and Setter methods for 'file' attribute public File getFile() { return file; } public void setFile(File file) { this.file = file; } }
- 创建一个继承自Action的类,例如FileUploadAction。在这个类中,重写execute方法,并在其中调用FileUploadForm的validate方法进行表单验证。如果验证通过,使用ServletFileUpload类创建一个FileUpload对象,然后调用parseRequest方法解析请求,获取FileUploadForm对象。最后,从FileUploadForm对象中获取文件属性,并使用ServletFileUpload对象的getPart方法获取FilePart对象,进而获取文件名和内容类型等信息。例如:
import org.apache.struts.action.Action; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping; import org.apache.struts.upload.ServletFileUpload; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; public class FileUploadAction extends Action { @Override public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { FileUploadForm fileUploadForm = (FileUploadForm) form; // Validate the form if (!fileUploadForm.validate()) { return mapping.findForward("error"); } // Create a FileUpload object ServletFileUpload fileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(); // Parse the request try { List<FileItem> fileItems = fileUpload.parseRequest(request); // Get the uploaded file FileItem fileItem = fileItems.get(0); File uploadedFile = new File(getServletContext().getRealPath("") + File.separator + fileItem.getName()); fileItem.write(uploadedFile); return mapping.findForward("success"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return mapping.findForward("error"); } } }
- 配置Struts的struts.xml文件,将表单的action属性设置为FileUploadAction类的路径,例如:
<struts> <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <action name="upload" class="com.example.FileUploadAction"> <result name="success">/success.jsp</result> <result name="error">/error.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
现在,当用户通过表单上传文件时,Struts会将文件信息传递给FileUploadAction类,然后处理文件并将其保存到服务器上。