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在 Spring Security 中，可以通过自定义过滤器来实现自定义的过滤规则。以下是实现自定义过滤器的步骤：
- 创建自定义过滤器类
首先需要创建一个自定义过滤器类，该类需要继承 org.springframework.web.filter.GenericFilterBean 类，并重写 doFilter 方法。在 doFilter 方法中，可以实现自己的过滤逻辑。
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication; import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder; import org.springframework.web.filter.GenericFilterBean; import javax.servlet.FilterChain; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import java.io.IOException; public class CustomFilter extends GenericFilterBean { @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest httpRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request; // 自定义过滤逻辑 String customHeader = httpRequest.getHeader("X-Custom-Header"); if (customHeader != null && customHeader.equals("custom-value")) { Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication(); if (authentication == null || !authentication.isAuthenticated()) { HttpServletResponse httpResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response; httpResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, "Unauthorized"); return; } } // 继续执行后续过滤器 chain.doFilter(request, response); } } - 配置自定义过滤器
接下来需要在 Spring Security 配置类中配置自定义过滤器。首先需要创建一个 HttpSecurity 对象，然后调用 authorizeRequests 方法配置过滤规则，最后调用 addFilterBefore 或 addFilterAfter 方法将自定义过滤器添加到过滤器链中的指定位置。
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter; import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter; @Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http .authorizeRequests() .anyRequest().authenticated() .and() .addFilterBefore(new CustomFilter(), BasicAuthenticationFilter.class); // 将自定义过滤器添加到 BasicAuthenticationFilter 之前 } } 在上面的示例中，我们将自定义过滤器 CustomFilter 添加到了 BasicAuthenticationFilter 之前。可以根据需要将其添加到过滤器链中的其他位置。
