如何用C++ WinHttp实现HTTPS请求

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猴君
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要使用C++和WinHttp库实现HTTPS请求,请按照以下步骤操作:

  1. 首先,确保已经安装了Windows SDK,因为它包含了WinHttp库。

  2. 在你的C++项目中,包含必要的头文件:

#include<iostream> #include<windows.h> #include <winhttp.h> #pragma comment(lib, "winhttp") 
  1. 编写一个函数来发送HTTPS请求:
void SendHttpsRequest(const std::wstring& url) {     // 打开WinHttp会话     HINTERNET hSession = WinHttpOpen(L"MyUserAgent", WINHTTP_ACCESS_TYPE_DEFAULT_PROXY, WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_NAME, WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_BYPASS, 0);     if (!hSession) {         std::cerr << "Error opening session: "<< GetLastError()<< std::endl;         return;     }      // 连接到服务器     HINTERNET hConnect = WinHttpConnect(hSession, url.c_str(), INTERNET_DEFAULT_HTTPS_PORT, 0);     if (!hConnect) {         std::cerr << "Error connecting to server: "<< GetLastError()<< std::endl;         WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);         return;     }      // 打开请求     HINTERNET hRequest = WinHttpOpenRequest(hConnect, L"GET", nullptr, nullptr, WINHTTP_NO_REFERER, WINHTTP_DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TYPES, WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE);     if (!hRequest) {         std::cerr << "Error opening request: "<< GetLastError()<< std::endl;         WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);         WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);         return;     }      // 发送请求     BOOL bResults = WinHttpSendRequest(hRequest, WINHTTP_NO_ADDITIONAL_HEADERS, 0, WINHTTP_NO_REQUEST_DATA, 0, 0, 0);     if (!bResults) {         std::cerr << "Error sending request: "<< GetLastError()<< std::endl;         WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);         WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);         WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);         return;     }      // 接收响应     bResults = WinHttpReceiveResponse(hRequest, nullptr);     if (!bResults) {         std::cerr << "Error receiving response: "<< GetLastError()<< std::endl;         WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);         WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);         WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);         return;     }      // 读取响应内容     DWORD dwSize = 0;     do {         DWORD dwDownloaded = 0;         char* pszOutBuffer;         do {             // 分配空间以存储响应数据             dwSize += 1024;             pszOutBuffer = new char[dwSize + 1];             if (!pszOutBuffer) {                 std::cerr << "Out of memory"<< std::endl;                 break;             }              // 查询可用数据量             bResults = WinHttpQueryDataAvailable(hRequest, &dwDownloaded);             if (!bResults) {                 delete[] pszOutBuffer;                 std::cerr << "Error querying data available: "<< GetLastError()<< std::endl;                 break;             }              // 读取数据             ZeroMemory(pszOutBuffer, dwSize + 1);             bResults = WinHttpReadData(hRequest, (LPVOID)pszOutBuffer, dwDownloaded, &dwDownloaded);             if (!bResults) {                 delete[] pszOutBuffer;                 std::cerr << "Error reading data: "<< GetLastError()<< std::endl;                 break;             }              // 输出数据             std::cout << pszOutBuffer;              // 释放内存             delete[] pszOutBuffer;         } while (dwDownloaded > 0);     } while (dwDownloaded > 0);      // 关闭句柄     WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);     WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);     WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession); } 
  1. 在主函数中调用这个函数:
int main() {     SendHttpsRequest(L"example.com");     return 0; } 
  1. 编译并运行程序。它将发送一个HTTPS GET请求到指定的URL,并输出响应内容。

注意:这个示例仅用于演示目的。在实际项目中,你可能需要处理更多的错误情况,例如内存分配失败、无效的URL等。此外,你还可以根据需要添加其他功能,例如设置请求头、发送POST请求等。

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