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在Java中,要正确地实现一个单例类,可以使用以下几种方法:
- 懒汉式(Lazy Initialization):
public class Singleton { private static Singleton instance; private Singleton() {} public static synchronized Singleton getInstance() { if (instance == null) { instance = new Singleton(); } return instance; } }
- 饿汉式(Eager Initialization):
public class Singleton { private static final Singleton instance = new Singleton(); private Singleton() {} public static Singleton getInstance() { return instance; } }
- 双重检查锁定(Double-Checked Locking):
public class Singleton { private static volatile Singleton instance; private Singleton() {} public static Singleton getInstance() { if (instance == null) { synchronized (Singleton.class) { if (instance == null) { instance = new Singleton(); } } } return instance; } }
- 静态内部类(Static Inner Class):
public class Singleton { private Singleton() {} private static class SingletonHolder { private static final Singleton INSTANCE = new Singleton(); } public static Singleton getInstance() { return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE; } }
- 枚举(Enum):
public enum Singleton { INSTANCE; public void doSomething() { // ... } }
以上五种方法都可以实现Java单例类。在实际项目中,可以根据需求和场景选择合适的实现方式。