如何编写高效的C#全局钩子代码

在C#中，要编写高效的全局钩子代码，您需要使用Windows API函数SetWindowsHookEx

1. 首先，引入所需的命名空间：

using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Windows.Forms; 

2. 定义钩子类型和委托：

public class GlobalHook {     public enum HookType : int     {         WH_KEYBOARD_LL = 13,         WH_MOUSE_LL = 14     }      public delegate IntPtr HookProc(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam); } 

3. 导入Windows API函数：

[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] private static extern IntPtr SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, GlobalHook.HookProc lpfn, IntPtr hMod, uint dwThreadId);  [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] private static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(IntPtr hhk);  [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] private static extern IntPtr CallNextHookEx(IntPtr hhk, int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);  [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] private static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string lpModuleName); 

4. 创建钩子并处理事件：

public class GlobalHook {     // ...      private IntPtr _hookID = IntPtr.Zero;     private GlobalHook.HookProc _hookProc;      public void SetHook(HookType hookType, GlobalHook.HookProc hookProc)     {         if (_hookID != IntPtr.Zero) return;          _hookProc = hookProc;         using (Process curProcess = Process.GetCurrentProcess())         using (ProcessModule curModule = curProcess.MainModule)         {             _hookID = SetWindowsHookEx((int)hookType, _hookProc, GetModuleHandle(curModule.ModuleName), 0);         }     }      public void RemoveHook()     {         if (_hookID == IntPtr.Zero) return;          UnhookWindowsHookEx(_hookID);         _hookID = IntPtr.Zero;     }      public IntPtr OnHookCallback(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)     {         if (nCode < 0) return CallNextHookEx(_hookID, nCode, wParam, lParam);          // 在此处处理钩子事件，例如按键或鼠标事件         // ...          return CallNextHookEx(_hookID, nCode, wParam, lParam);     } } 

5. 使用钩子：

public partial class MainForm : Form {     private GlobalHook _globalHook;      public MainForm()     {         InitializeComponent();          _globalHook = new GlobalHook();         _globalHook.SetHook(GlobalHook.HookType.WH_KEYBOARD_LL, KeyboardHookCallback);     }      private IntPtr KeyboardHookCallback(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)     {         if (nCode >= 0)         {             Keys key = (Keys)Marshal.ReadInt32(lParam);             Console.WriteLine($"Key: {key}, Param: {wParam}");         }          return _globalHook.OnHookCallback(nCode, wParam, lParam);     }      protected override void OnClosed(EventArgs e)     {         base.OnClosed(e);         _globalHook.RemoveHook();     } } 

这样，您就可以编写一个高效的C#全局钩子代码。请注意，全局钩子可能会影响系统性能，因此请谨慎使用。