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SSH keys are a secure way of authenticating with a remote server using public-key cryptography. Here is a guide on how to set up and manage SSH keys on a Linux system:
- Generate SSH key pair:
- Open a terminal on your Linux system.
- Use the
ssh-keygencommand to generate a new SSH key pair. You can specify a different file name or location by using the-foption. - You will be prompted to enter a passphrase to protect your private key.
- Copy the public key to the remote server:
- Use the
ssh-copy-idcommand to copy your public key to the remote server. Make sure you have SSH access to the server using password authentication. - Enter your password when prompted.
- Set permissions on SSH key files:
- Set the correct permissions on your SSH key files to ensure they are secure. Use the following commands:
chmod 700 ~/.sshto set the correct permissions on the .ssh directory.chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsato set the correct permissions on the private key file.chmod 644 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pubto set the correct permissions on the public key file.
- Configure SSH to use the key pair:
- Open the
~/.ssh/configfile in a text editor and add the following lines:
Host remote_server Hostname <remote_server_IP> User <remote_username> IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa - Replace
<remote_server_IP>and<remote_username>with the IP address or hostname of the remote server and your username on the server, respectively.
- Test SSH key authentication:
- Use the
ssh remote_servercommand to test your SSH key authentication. You should be able to access the remote server without entering a password.
- Manage SSH keys:
- You can add multiple SSH keys to your SSH agent using the
ssh-addcommand. - Use the
ssh-keygen -R <hostname>command to remove a host key from the known_hosts file.
By following these steps, you can set up and manage SSH keys on your Linux system securely. This will improve the security of your SSH connections and make it easier to authenticate with remote servers.
